Table 2.
Serum CC16 concentration in various conditions or diseases.
| Condition/Disease | CC16 Serum Concentration (ng/mL) | p-Value | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| ARDS | ARDS: 54.44 ± 19.62 ng/mL Non-ARDS: 24.13 ± 12.32 ng/mL |
0.001 | [24] |
| Severe ARDS: 64.73 ± 14.42 ng/mL Mild ARDS: 48.17 ± 19.81 ng/mL Moderate ARDS: 57.35 ± 19.33 ng/mL |
<0.05 | ||
| ARDS: 22 ng/mL, IQR 9–44 Cardiogenic pulmonary edema: 55 ng/mL, IQR, 18–123 |
0.053 | [25] | |
| Non-survivors: 22 ng/mL, IQR 7–50 Survivors: 20 ng/mL, IQR 10–38 |
0.99 | ||
| Non-survivors: 19.93 ng/mL, IQR 11.8–44.32 Survivors: 8.9 ng/mL, IQR 5.66–26.38 |
0.01 | [21,22] | |
| ALI | Firefighters: 54.4 ± 34.9 ng/mL Controls:19.5 ± 11.7 |
0.04 | [20] |
| Cyclists: men: 12.3 ± 0.9 ng/mL; women: 11.9 ± 1.3 ng/mL Controls: men: 11.2 ± 0.8 ng/mL; women: 11.1 ± 0.6 ng/mL |
0.01 | [21,22] | |
| Smoking/COPD | Never: 8.81 ng/mL; Former: 8.16 ng/mL; Current: 6.21 ng/mL | <0.0001 | [43] |
| Nonsmoker: 14.6 ± 5.0 ng/mL, smoker 11.3 ± 5.3 ng/mL | 0.0001 | [59] | |
| Active smokers: 3.10 ± 2.23 ng/mL Sustained quitters: 4.35 ± 2.72 ng/mL Intermittent quitters: 3.90 ± 2.43 ng/mL |
0.0001 | [43] | |
| Current and former smokers with COPD: 4.9 ng/mL Current and former smokers without COPD: 5.6 ng/mL Non-smokers controls: 6.4 ng/mL |
<0.001 | [47] | |
| IPF | Controls: 5.67 ± 0.42 ng/mL Emphysema: 5.66 ± 0.35 ng/mL Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: 9.38 ± 1.04 ng/mL IPF: 22.15 ± 4.64 ng/mL |
<0.05 | [52] |
| Controls: 10.7 ± 7.6 ng/mL Non-IPF: 23.1 ± 13 ng/mL IPF: 31.2 ± 10.8 ng/mL |
<0.0001 | [50] | |
| PF/systemic sclerosis | Systemic sclerosis with PF: 90.8 ± 110.7 ng/mL Systemic sclerosis without PF: 42.1 ± 80.7 ng/mL |
<0.01 | [50] |
| Sarcoidosis | Sarcoid patients: 25.9 ± 16.2 ng/mL Controls: 13.9 ± 5.2 ng/mL |
<0.05 | [50] |
| Respiratory Infections | RSV group: 19.9 (4.6–56.1) ng/mL Influenza/parainfluenza group: 12.7 (7.2–36.0) ng/mL Healthy controls: 10.5 (4.0–125) ng/mL |
<0.01 | [21,22] |
| Atopic athletes: 6.88, IQR 5.37–9.15 ng/mL Non-atopic athletes: 6.6, IQR 5.03–9.06 ng/mL |
>0.05 | [21,22] | |
| Athletes reporting frequent URIs: 5.57 ng/mL Control athletes: 7.03 ng/mL |
0.01 | ||
| Asthma | Asthmatics children: 7.96 ng/mL; 95% CI =6.79–9.31 Non-asthmatic children: 9.98 ng/mL; 95% CI = 8.83–11.26 |
0. 006 | [21,22] |
| Asthmatic nonsmokers: 7.02 ± 3.05 ng/mL Controls: 11.7 ± 3.90 ng/mL |
<0.0001 | [21,22] | |
| Atopic asthmatics: 7.50 ± 3.38 ng/mL Nonatopic asthmatics: 6.32 ± 2.39 ng/mL |
>0.05 | ||
| Asthmatics, long duration of disease: 6.37 ± 3.11 ng/mL Asthmatics, short duration of disease: 7.88 ± 2.78 ng/mL |
0.0106 |
Abbreviations: IQR, Interquartile range; URI, upper respiratory infections.