Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes of the hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Castile and Leon (Spain) during the first wave (1 March to 31 May 2020).
| TOTAL | MALE | FEMALE | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 7307 | 4169 | 3138 | |
| Age (median and IQR) | 76 (63–86) | 75 (63–84) | 79 (64–88) | 0.001 |
| Age < 65 (95% CI) | 27.23 (26.21–28.25) | 27.87 (26.51–29.23) | 26.39 (24.84–27.93) | 0.158 |
| Age >= 65 (95% CI) | 72.77 (71.75–73.79) | 72.13 (70.77–73.49) | 73.61 (72.07–75.16) | 0.158 |
| Treatment | ||||
| Oxygenation and ventilation (95% CI) | ||||
| Oxygenation only | 2.52 (2.16–2.88) | 2.85 (2.35–3.36) | 2.07 (1.57–2.57) | 0.034 |
| NIPPV | 1.63 (1.34–1.92) | 2.16 (1.72–2.6) | 0.92 (0.59–1.26) | 0.001 |
| IMV | 3.5 (3.08–3.93) | 4.73 (4.08–5.37) | 1.88 (1.4–2.36) | 0.001 |
| Drugs (95% CI) | ||||
| Antibiotics | 90.83 (90.17–91.49) | 90.19 (89.29–91.09) | 91.68 (90.72–92.65) | 0.029 |
| Antimalarial | 69.74 (68.69–70.79) | 71.7 (70.33–73.06) | 67.14 (65.5–68.79) | 0.001 |
| Steroids | 44.37 (43.23–45.51) | 47.83 (46.31–49.35) | 39.77 (38.06–41.48) | 0.001 |
| Antivirals | 42.63 (41.52–43.93) | 45.42 (43.5–46.93) | 38.95 (37.22–40.66) | 0.001 |
| Tocilizumab | 9.37 (8.71–10.04) | 12.14 (11.15–13.13) | 5.7 (4.89–6.52) | 0.001 |
| Others anti SIRS * | 7.34 (6.74–7.93) | 9.35 (8.47–10.24) | 4.65 (3.92–5.39) | 0.001 |
| Outcomes | ||||
| Hospitalization days (median and IQR) | 9 (5–15) | 9 (5–15) | 8 (5–14) | 0.001 |
| ICU LoS (median and IQR) | 15 (7–30) | 15 (7–32) | 15 (8–24) | 0.359 |
| SARS (95% CI) | 14.03 (13.23–14.82) | 15.59 (14.49–16.69) | 11.95 (10.82–13.09) | 0.001 |
| AKI (95% CI) | 10.87 (10.15–11.58) | 11.3 (10.34–12.26) | 10.29 (9.23–11.36) | 0.172 |
| Cardiomyopathy (95% CI) | 1.15 (0.91–1.39) | 1.61 (1.23–1.99) | 0.54 (0.28–0.8) | 0.001 |
| Shock (95% CI) | 1.51 (1.23–1.78) | 1.66 (1.27–2.04) | 1.31 (0.91–1.7) | 0.226 |
| Bacterial superinfection (95% CI) | 3.59 (3.16–4.01) | 3.89 (3.3–4.47) | 3.19 (2.57–3.8) | 0.112 |
| Fungal superinfection (95% CI) | 2.23 (1.89–2.57) | 2.11 (1.67–2.55) | 2.39 (1.86–2.92) | 0.424 |
| DIC (95% CI) | 0.18 (0.08–0.27) | 0.29 (0.13–0.45) | 0.03 (0.01–0.05) | 0.001 |
| Death (95% CI) | 24.43 (23.44–25.41) | 26.12 (24.79–27.45) | 22.18 (20.73–23.63) | 0.001 |
* Anakinra, baricitinib, interferon, ruxolitinib, siltuximab. Abbreviations: 95% CI, confidence interval; IQR, interquartile range; SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome; NIPPV, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation; IMV, invasive mechanical ventilation; ICU, intensive care unit; LoS, length of stay; SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome; AKI, acute kidney injury; DIC, disseminated intravascular coagulation.