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miR-122 and interaction with HCV RNA. HCV genome is a positive single-stranded RNA particle which encodes for a polyprotein processed into ten different proteins. miR-122 is essential for HCV replication. miR-122 binds the 5′-UTR, the IRES region, protects against the degradation of HCV genome, and thus promotes HCV replication. IRES = Internal Ribosome Entry Site; 3′-UTR = 3′-Untranslated Transcribed Region; 5′-UTR = 5′-Untranslated Transcribed Region; ORF = Open Reading Frame.
