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. 2020 Dec 14;21(24):9514. doi: 10.3390/ijms21249514

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Epigenetic regulation of hippocampal astrocytes. Astrocytes in the hippocampus protect neurons via potassium buffering through Kir4.1 channels, which are regulated by DNA methylation through DNMT1 miR-103a, miR-181a and miR-132 regulation; astrocytes protect neurons post-injury by preventing astrocytic activation and promote the restoration of CA1 neurons in the hippocampus. (AD: Alzheimer’s disease; ALS: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; DNMT1: DNA methyltransferase 1; FTD: frontotemporal dementia).