| COVID-19 | coronavirus disease 2019 |
| CSLC | Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions |
| GEJE | Great East Japan Earthquake |
| K6 | Kessler Psychological Distress Scale |
| LSNS-6 | abbreviated Lubben Social Network Scale |
| MMPD | mild-to-moderate psychological distress |
| NPD | no or low psychological distress |
| PD | psychological distress |
| PHQ-9 | Patient Health Questionnaire-9 |
| SPD | serious psychological distress |
| UCLA-LS3 | UCLA Loneliness Scale version 3 |
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