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. 2020 Dec 15;8(12):616. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines8120616

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Osteogenic properties. Composite results as cytocompatible for pore 3D seeding (A) displaying values higher than the 100% value related to day 0 seeding (indicated by the dashed line) as well as they successfully supported hMSC osteogenic differentiation that was verified by alkaline phosphatase (ALP, B, * p < 0.05 sample d vs. b and control) increasing release in the medium and osteogenic genes collagen 1 (COL 1), osteopontin (OPN), and ALP (C) upregulation over the seeding day expression (fold change). Finally, SEM images (D) confirmed that cells grown within pores reached the osteoblast-like stellate morphology after 15 days cultivation (indicated by the arrows). SEM images: bar scale = 10 μm. a: BG-Cn-GPTMS10, b: BG-Cn-GPTMS20, c: BG-Gel-GPTMS10, d: BG-Gel-GPTMS20, e: BG-Cn-Gel-GPTMS10, f: BG-Cn-Gel-GPTMS20. Experiments were performed using six replicates for each specimen.