Table 5.
Changes in asthma-related outcomes and immunological parameters as compared to the control group for the vitamin D3 cluster.
| First Author (Year) | Jadad Score * | Intervention and Dose | Asthma-Related Outcomes | Immunological Parameters | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lung Function | Asthma Control | QoL | ||||||||||||
| FEV1 | FVC | PEF | ACT | ACQ | (P)AQLQ | Other | FeNO | Cells (Sputum, Blood) | Th2, IgE | Treg | Pro-Inflammatory Markers | |||
| Bar Yoseph (2015) [49] | 4 | Vitamin D3 14.000 IU/week |
= 1 | = | = | = | = | |||||||
| Castro (2014) [50] | 5 | Vitamin D3 100.000 IU once, followed by 4000 IU/day |
= | = | = | |||||||||
| de Groot (2015) [51] | 4 | Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) 400.000 IU single dose |
= | = | = | = | ↓ 2 | = | ||||||
| Kerley (2016) [52] | 3 | Vitamin D3 2000 IU/day |
= | = | = | = | = | ↑ | ||||||
| Martineau (2015) [53] | 5 | Vitamin D3 (Vigantol oil) 120.000 IU/2 months |
= | = | = | = | ||||||||
Abbreviations: FEV1 = forced expiratory flow in one second; FVC = forced vital capacity; PEF = peak expiratory flow; ACT = asthma control test; ACQ = asthma control questionnaire; (P)AQLQ = (pediatric) asthma quality of life questionnaire; FeNO = fractional exhaled nitric oxide; Th = T helper cell; IgE = immunoglobulin E; Treg = regulatory T cell; QoL = quality of life; ↑ = significant increase as compared to the control group; ↓ = significant decrease as compared to the control group; = = no change as compared to the control group; * = Jadad score was calculated to assess the methodological quality of the RCTs. The calculation of the Jadad score can be found in Supplemental Table S1; 1 = provocative dose causing a 20% fall in FEV1; 2 = significant difference after correction for baseline. Quantitative data showing the within-group changes is presented in Supplemental Tables S3–S7.