Table 2.
Change in biometrics, reproductive, and metabolic hormones after treatment
| OCP | Lifestyle | Combined | Lifestyle vs OCP | Combined vs OCP | Combined vs Lifestyle | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean Change from Baseline (95% CI) | P-value | Mean Change from Baseline (95% CI) | P-value | Mean Change from Baseline (95% CI) | P-value | P-value | P-value | P-value | |
| Biometrics | |||||||||
| Change in weight (lbs) | -2.2 (-5.1, 0.4) | 0.11 | -13.4 (-16.3, -10.6) | <0.001 | -16.1 (-19.0, -13.0) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.24 |
| Change in BMI (kg/m2) | -0.4 (-0.8, 0.1) | 0.10 | -2.2 (-2.7, -1.7) | <0.001 | -2.7 (-3.2, -2.2) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.15 |
| Reproductive hormones | |||||||||
| AMH (ng/mL) | -4.46 (-5.83, -3.10) | <0.001 | -0.81 (-2.24, 0.61) | 0.26 | -3.76 (-5.26, -2.25) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.49 | 0.01 |
| Activin A (ng/mL)a | 0.70 (0.63, 0.79) | <0.001 | 1.00 (0.89, 1.12) | 0.97 | 0.84 (0.75, 0.96) | 0.01 | <0.001 | 0.03 | 0.06 |
| Inhibin A (pg/mL)a | 0.59 (0.42, 0.84) | 0.003 | 1.22 (0.85, 1.76) | 0.27 | 0.70 (0.48, 1.02) | 0.07 | 0.005 | 0.51 | 0.04 |
| Inhibin B (pg/mL) | -73.82 (-95.88, -51.75) | <0.001 | -4.26 (-27.37, 18.85) | 0.72 | -48.91 (-73.19, -24.63) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.14 | 0.01 |
| Plasma follistatin (ng/mL) | 3.27 (2.69, 3.86) | 0.001 | -0.25 (-0.85, 0.36) | 0.42 | 2.93 (2.30, 3.56) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.43 | <0.001 |
| Metabolic hormones | |||||||||
| IGF-1 (ng/mL) | -43.95 (-79.99, -7.91) | 0.02 | 42.13 (4.39, 79.87) | 0.03 | -3.84 (-43.34, 35.66) | 0.85 | 0.001 | 0.14 | 0.10 |
| IGFBP-2 (ng/mL)a | 0.67 (0.51, 0.87) | 0.003 | 1.26 (0.96, 1.66) | 0.10 | 0.72 (0.54, 0.97) | 0.03 | 0.001 | 0.70 | 0.01 |
| Glucagon (pg/mL)a | 0.51 (0.37, 0.71) | <0.001 | 0.76 (0.54, 1.06) | 0.11 | 0.51 (0.36, 0.73) | <0.001 | 0.11 | 0.99 | 0.11 |
| GLP-1 (pg/mL) | 12.96 (-15.17, 41.10) | 0.36 | -7.06 (-36.29, 22.16) | 0.63 | 5.87 (-24.85, 36.60) | 0.70 | 0.33 | 0.74 | 0.55 |
| GLP-2 (pg/mL) | 0.47 (0.18, 0.75) | 0.002 | -0.13 (-0.43, 0.16) | 0.36 | 0.18 (-0.13, 0.49) | 0.26 | 0.004 | 0.17 | 0.15 |
| Plasma oxyntomodulin (pg/mL)a | 0.09 (0.05, 0.18) | <0.001 | 0.90 (0.45, 1.81) | 0.77 | 0.11 (0.05, 0.22) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.70 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: AMH, anti-mullerian hormone; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence intervals; DXA, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide 1; GLP-2, glucagon-like peptide 2; IGF-1, Insulin-like growth factor 1; IGFBP-2, insulin-like growth factor 2; OCP, oral contraceptive pills.
a Data were log transformed and change from baseline represents a ratio of geometric means