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. 2020 Dec 18;12(12):3870. doi: 10.3390/nu12123870

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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ßHB—Beta-hydroxybutyrate; C10—Decanoic acid; Cho—Cholesterol; CL—Cardiolipin; CS—Citrate Synthase; IMM—Inner mitochondrial membrane; MRC—Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain (I—V are the individual complexes of the MRC); OMM—Outer mitochondrial membrane; PC—Phosphatidylcholine; PE—Phosphatidylethanolamine; PS—Phosphatidylserine; SIRT1—Sirtuin 1; SIRT3—Sirtuin 3; SM—Sphingomyelin. All red arrows depict the effects of ßHB, and all blue arrows depict the effects of C10. Thin arrows show already published data (adapted from [39]). Solid thick arrows show the effects of ßHB and C10 on absolute quantities of the depicted cellular lipids. Dotted thick arrows represent the effects of ßHB and C10 on ratios of the individual phospholipids (and sphingomyelin) to cellular cholesterol. Figure created with BioRender.com.