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. 2020 Dec 17;9(12):1293. doi: 10.3390/antiox9121293

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Excretion of fecal HNE, 4-hydroxyhexenal (HHE) and HNE metabolites in feces and urine after oral gavage of safflower oil +/− hemin. (A) fecal HNE; (B) fecal HNE-protein; (C) fecal HHE; (D) fecal 1,4-dihydroxynonane-mercapturic acid (DHN-MA); (E) Urinary DHN-MA. Samples are identified as “treatment/time of sacrifice (sampling period)” with Treatment = “Ctl”, “Hem1” or “Hem2”; time of sacrifice = 1, 4, 8 or 24 h; feces from different animals were pooled when samples were too small: Ctl feces from 0 to 4 h and Hem feces from 0 to 1 h. For each time point, 3 animals were sacrificed: Ctl had received only safflower oil at the starting time point (T0), while Hem1 and Hem2 had received a mixture of safflower oil + hemin at T0. Each bar represents the excretion of one animal, except when indicated “pooled feces”.