Table 4.
Summary of antimicrobial resistance detected in the most prevalent bacterial species/genera isolated from dog and cat urine. MDR: multi-drug resistance.
| Organism | Total Number of Isolates | Intrinsic Resistances | Isolates with no Acquired Resistance Detected n (%) |
MDR = Resistance to Three or More of: | MDR n (%) |
Most Common MDR Combination (n) |
Prevalence of Most Common MDR Combination ## n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Escherichia coli | 3294 | - | 2450 (74) | AMX, AMC, LEX, CVN, TET, GEN, FQN, SXT | 320 (9.7) | AMX + LEX + CVN | 276 (8.4) |
| Enterococcus faecalis | 636 | LEX, CVN, SXT | 22 (3.5) | AMX, TET, GEN*, ERY, FQN | 19 (3.0) | TET + ERY + FQN | 8 (1.3) |
| Staphylococcus pseudintermedius | 513 | - | 433 (84) | AMX, AMC, LEX, CVN, TET, GEN, FQN, SXT | 34 (6.6) | AMX + LEX + CVN | 28 (5.5) |
| Proteus mirabilis | 440 | TET | 378 (86) | AMX, AMC, LEX, CVN, FQN, SXT | 16 (3.6) | AMX + LEX + CVN | 13 (2.9) |
| Proteus spp. | 310 | # | 249 (80) | AMX, AMC, LEX, CVN, FQN, SXT | 16 (5.2) | AMX + LEX + CVN | 8 (2.6) |
| Enterobacter spp. | 190 | AMX, AMC, LEX, CVN | 157 (83) | Not assessable ** | |||
| Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. | 177 | - | 155 (88) | AMX, AMC, LEX, CVN, TET, GEN, FQN, SXT | 8 (4.5) | AMX + LEX + CVN | 6 (3.4) |
| Strep. canis | 125 | GEN | 8 (6.4) | AMX, AMC, LEX, CVN, TET, GEN, FQN, SXT | 2 (1.6) | AMX + FQN + SXT | 1 (0.8) |
AMX = amoxicillin (tested using ampicillin disc); AMC = amoxicillin-clavulanate; LEX = cephalexin; CVN = cefovecin; FQN = any fluoroquinolone (enrofloxacin most commonly tested); SXT = trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMS); ERY = erythromycin; GEN = gentamicin; TET = tetracyclines (doxycycline, tetracycline). Note: Not all isolates were tested against all antimicrobials. * Enterococci tested against a higher-potency gentamicin disc (120 µg) to detect high-level resistance. ** MDR cannot be assessed as only two antimicrobials (TMS, ENR) were routinely tested, apart from those to which Enterobacter spp. are intrinsically resistant. # Some Proteus spp. (other than P. mirabilis) have intrinsic resistance to TET, but the laboratory did not identify to the species level. ## Includes isolates that have this combination plus additional resistances.