Table 2.
Comparative studies of each type of stents for the treatment of walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WON).
| Authors (Year) | Stents | Type of Study | Number of Patients | Outcome | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mukai (2015) [45] | DPS versus LAMS (Axios® 15 mm, Nagi® 16 mm, Spaxus® 12 mm) | Retrospective | 70 | No difference in success but a shorter procedure time with LAMS | Nasocystic irrigation in all cases |
| Ang (2016) [46] | DPS versus Nagi® 16 mm) | Retrospective | 49 | DPS associated with higher need for secondary drainage | Both pancreatic pseudocyst and WON included |
| Bapaye (2017) [47] | DPS versus FCSEMS (Nagi®, 16 mm) | Retrospective | 133 | FCSEMS superior to DPS in terms of clinical success, number of necrosectomies, salvage surgeries, and length of hospital stay | Nasocystic irrigation in all cases |
| Siddiqui (2017) [48] | DPS versus FCSEMS (10 mm) versus LAMS (Axios® 10,15 mm) | Retrospective | 313 | FCSEMS and LAMs superior to DPS in efficacy. Fewer procedures are required in LAMS | More acute adverse events in LAMS but fewer stent occlusions or migrations |
| Abu Dayyeh (2018) [49] | DPS versus FCSEMS (Axios®, Nagi®, 15, 18, 20 mm) | Retrospective | 94 | FCSEMS decreases the need for repeated necrosectomy and procedure-related hemorrhage | |
| Law (2018) [50] | FCSEMS (10 mm) versus LAMS (Axios® 10, 15 mm) | Retrospective | 68 | Comparable efficacy and safety, but more revisions needed in LAMS | |
| Lang (2018) [43] | DPS versus LAMS (Axios® 10, 15 mm) | Retrospective | 103 | Increased complications (bleeding, occlusion) in LAMS | Both pancreatic pseudocyst and WON included |
| Mohan (2019) [40] | DPS versus LAMS | Meta-analysis | 9 studies (737 patients) of LAMS, 7 studies (527 patients) of DPS | Equal clinical outcomes and adverse events in DPS and LAMS | |
| Bang (2019) [39] | DPS versus LAMS (Axios® 15 mm) | RCT | 60 | No significant differences in treatment outcome | |
| Chen (2019) [41] | DPS versus LAMS | Retrospective | 189 | Higher clinical success, shorter procedure time, lower need for surgery, and lower rate of recurrence in LAMS |
|
| Cho (2019) [51] | DPS versus LAMS (HANARO® 10 mm) | Retrospective | 28 | No difference in clinical success rate and complications | Pilot study. Included both pseudocyst and WON. New stent with antireflux and antimigration property |
| Kayal (2020) [42] | DPS versus FCSEMS tubular versus Axios® | Historical cohort | 58 | Higher clinical success in LAMS than FCSEMS and DPS (96.3% vs. 81.8% vs. 77.8%) | Both pancreatic pseudocyst and WON included |
| Zhu (2020) [52] | DPS versus LAMS (Microtech, 16 mm) | Retrospective | 84 | Better outcome using LAMS in cases with debris <20% | |
| Rana (2020) [44] | DPS versus LAMS (Nagi®, Plumber®, 14, 16 mm) | Retrospective | 166 | Similar technical success rate, complications, and resolution but shorter time to resolution in LAMS | |
| Ge (2020) [38] | DPS versus LAMS (Axios® 10, 15 mm) | Retrospective | 112 | LAMS associated with faster resolution, lower recurrence, and decreased requirement for surgery but higher adverse event rates (bleeding, perforation) | Additional DPS inserted through LAMS |
| Parsa (2020) [53] | LAMS (Axios®) 15 mm versus 20 mm | Retrospective | 306 | Comparable clinical success and safety but with fewer necrosectomies in larger LAMS |
DPS = double pigtail stent, FCSEMS = fully covered self-expandable tubular stent, LAMS = lumen-apposing metal stent.