Table 2.
Compilation of application of deep eutectic solvents (DES) in various types of liquid phase microextraction procedures.
| Extraction Technique 1 | Selected DES Solvent, Molar Ratio | Analytes/Sample Matrix | Additional Requirements | Analytical Technique | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SA-LLME | decanoic acid and methyl-trioctylammonium bromide, 2:1 | Methylene Blue/Water | Mixture HCl solution (2 M) and ethanol (50:20 volume ratio) as stripping phase | UV-VIS | [126] |
| AA-LLME | borneol and decanoic acid, 1:3 | Warfarin/Urine & Plasma | (−) | HPLC-UV | [127] |
| VA-EDLLME | ChCl and phenol, 1:2 | Phthalates/Beverages | THF (as emulsifier agent) | HPLC-DAD | [128] |
| TC-LLME | phenyl salicylate (salol) and DL-menthol, 1:1 | Pd/Environmental samples | Water bath at 65 °C for 1 min | ETAAS | [129] |
| UA-LLME | TBABr2 and 1-octanol, 1:2 | Erythrosine/biological and pharmaceutical samples | (−) | UV-VIS | [130] |
| HLLME | thymol and hexanoic acid, 2:1 | Levofloxacin & ciprofloxacin/Environmental water | KOH (6 M) to dissolve the DES & HCL (6 M) to break the homogenous state | HPLC-UV | [131] |
1 Abbreviations of AA-LLME: Air Assisted Liquid Liquid Microextraction; HLLME: Homogenous Liquid Liquid Microextraction; UA-LLME: Ultrasound Assisted Liquid Liquid Microextraction; SA-LLME: Shaker Assisted Liquid Liquid Microextraction; TC-LLME: Temperature Controlled Liquid Liquid Microextraction; VA-EDLLME: Vortex Assisted Emulsification Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction.
2 Tetrabuthylammoniumbromide.