Table 4.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of non-critically ill and critically ill patients with CRKP bacteriuria.
| Variable | Non-Critically Ill Patients (APACHI II < 20) (n = 58) |
Critically Ill Patients (APACHI II ≥ 20) (n = 49) |
p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, years, mean ± SD | 72.79 ± 15.26 | 76.67 ± 13.30 | 0.168 |
| Male sex | 33 (56.9) | 19 (38.8) | 0.062 |
| LOS before CRKP isolation, days, mean ± SD | 13.38 ± 20.08 | 38.67 ± 41.02 | <0.001 |
| Carbapenemase-producing CRKP | 22 (37.9) | 22 (44.9) | 0.466 |
| Previous hospitalization 1 | 33 (56.9) | 22 (44.9) | 0.216 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 28 (48.3) | 30 (61.2) | 0.180 |
| COPD | 13 (22.4) | 6 (12.2) | 0.170 |
| Heart failure | 9 (15.5) | 23 (46.9) | <0.001 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 13 (22.4) | 24 (49.0) | 0.004 |
| Chronic kidney disease 2 | 26 (44.8) | 36 (73.5) | 0.003 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 1 (1.7) | 4 (8.2) | 0.177 |
| Malignancy | 19 (32.8) | 16 (32.7) | 0.991 |
| Immunocompromised state | 7 (12.1) | 5 (10.2) | 0.761 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, mean ± SD | 3.24 ± 2.53 | 5.10 ± 2.62 | <0.001 |
| Indwelling urinary catheter | 36 (62.1) | 40 (81.6) | 0.026 |
| Nasogastric tube | 27 (46.6) | 44 (89.8) | <0.001 |
| Surgical drainage | 6 (10.3) | 3 (6.1) | 0.504 |
| Mechanically ventilated at isolation | 3 (5.2) | 19 (38.8) | <0.001 |
| Renal dialysis at isolation | 1 (1.7) | 10 (20.4) | 0.002 |
| APACHE II score, mean ± SD | 12.98 ± 4.20 | 28.10 ± 6.52 | <0.001 |
| Appropriate antimicrobial therapy | 20 (34.5) | 13 (26.5) | 0.375 |
| Clinical outcomes | |||
| 14-day mortality | 2 (3.4) | 13 (26.5) | 0.001 |
| 28-day mortality | 8 (13.8) | 19 (38.8) | 0.003 |
| Shock | 0 (0.0) | 7 (14.3) | 0.003 |
Data are expressed as No. (%) unless otherwise specified. Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; LOS, length of hospital stay; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation. 1 During the 3 months preceding infection onset. 2 Defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate ≤ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2.