Table 5.
The influence of AKG supplementation during the experimental period (31–60 weeks of age) on muscle fatty acid profile in laying hens at the age of 60 weeks, % of total fatty acids.
| Fatty Acid | CONT | AKG | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| C12:0 | 0.095 ± 0.007 | 0.076 ± 0.011 | 0.177 |
| C14:0 | 0.769 ± 0.021 | 0.735 ± 0.028 | 0.345 |
| C16:0 | 23.5 ± 0.2 | 23.9 ± 0.3 | 0.398 |
| C18:0 | 8.79 ± 0.21 | 9.50 ± 0.33 | 0.090 |
| C20:0 | 0.100 ± 0.007 | 0.131 ± 0.013 | 0.112 |
| C22:0 | 0.149 ± 0.038 | 0.110 ± 0.012 | 0.342 |
| C24:0 | 0.118 ± 0.008 | 0.143 ± 0.011 | 0.098 |
| ΣSFA | 33.5 ± 0.4 | 34.6 ± 0.5 | 0.118 |
| C15:0 | 0.136 ± 0.006 | 0.129 ± 0.003 | 0.381 |
| C17:0 | 0.306 ± 0.021 | 0.271 ± 0.014 | 0.175 |
| Σ OCFA | 0.442 ± 0.025 | 0.389 ± 0.020 | 0.114 |
| ΣBCFA | 0.098 ± 0.011 | 0.105 ± 0.010 | 0.645 |
| C14:1c9 | 0.065 ± 0.006 | 0.066 ± 0.009 | 0.926 |
| Σ C15:1 | 4.78 ± 0.22 | 5.12 ± 0.45 | 0.505 |
| C16:1c7 | 0.821 ± 0.024 | 0.813 ± 0.033 | 0.842 |
| C16:1c9 | 1.76 ± 0.10 | 1.72 ± 0.09 | 0.768 |
| C17:1 c9 | 1.10 ± 0.06 | 1.17 ± 0.09 | 0.490 |
| C18:1c9 | 27.8 ± 0.7 | 27.4 ± 1.0 | 0.751 |
| C18:1c11 | 2.44 ± 0.06 | 2.57 ± 0.06 | 0.132 |
| C20:1c11 | 0.269 ± 0.057 | 0.192 ± 0.010 | 0.194 |
| Σ MUFA cis | 39.0 ± 0.6 | 39.1 ± 0.8 | 0.960 |
| C18:2n-6 LA | 15.1 ± 0.4 | 14.4 ± 0.4 | 0.248 |
| C18:3n-3 ALA | 1.08 ± 0.06 | 0.94 ± 0.7 | 0.181 |
| C18:3n-6 GLA | 0.152 ± 0.013 | 0.133 ± 0.011 | 0.284 |
| C20:2n-6 | 0.151 ± 0.006 | 0.150 ± 0.012 | 0.941 |
| C20:2n9 | 0.102 ± 0.011 | 0.108 ± 0.011 | 0.717 |
| C20:3n6 | 0.413 ± 0.037 | 0.434 ± 0.030 | 0.622 |
| C20:4n-6 AA | 6.59 ± 0.41 | 6.47 ± 0.49 | 0.858 |
| C20:5n3 EPA | 0.085 ± 0.003 | 0.078 ± 0.008 | 0.707 |
| C22:4n6 | 0.675 ± 0.034 | 0.749 ± 0.061 | 0.307 |
| C22:5n6 | 0.224 ± 0.019 | 0.270 ± 0.028 | 0.188 |
| C24:1n9 | 0.118 ± 0.007 | 0.131 ± 0.011 | 0.357 |
| C22:5n-3 DPA | 0.522 ± 0.031 | 0.503 ± 0.037 | 0.699 |
| C22:6n3 DHA | 1.59 ± 0.11 | 1.48 ± 0.15 | 0.548 |
| Σ PUFA | 26.8 ± 0.6 | 25.8 ± 0.4 | 0.209 |
| Σ n-3 | 3.35 ± 0.14 | 2.97 ± 0.15 | 0.287 |
| Σ n-6 | 23.2 ± 0.5 | 22.6 ± 0.3 | 0.337 |
| Σ LC-PUFA | 10.2 ± 0.6 | 10.1 ± 0.8 | 0.946 |
| Σ LC n-6 | 8.00 ± 0.47 | 8.08 ± 0.61 | 0.918 |
| Σ LC n-3 | 2.17 ± 0.14 | 2.02 ± 0.18 | 0.533 |
| n-6/n-3 | 6.99 ± 0.29 | 7.78 ± 0.40 | 0.121 |
| PUFA/SFA | 0.799 ± 0.021 | 0.747 ± 0.013 | 0.053 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard error. SFA—saturated fatty acids; OCFA—odd-chain fatty acids; BCFA—branched chain fatty acids; MUFA—monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA—polyunsaturated fatty acids; LC—long chain. The CONT group included laying hens not supplemented with AKG; the AKG group included laying hens supplemented with AKG at a dose of 1.0% (10 g/kg feed).