Table 1:
Selected demographic, BP, exposure, and other health characteristics of the study participants by outdoor PM2.5 quartiles and solid fuel use for cooking (HAP analysis restricted to rural communities).
| PM2.5 quartile (μg/m3) | PM2.5 Analysis | HAP Analysis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Entire sample (n=137,809) | Q1 (2.6-14.0) | Q2 (14.0-25.4) | Q3 (25.4-62.0) | Q4 (62.0-97.0) | Entire sample (n=43313) | Solid fuel (n=30,008) | Electricity/Gas (n=13,305) | |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) [(sd)] | 131.4 (21.7) | 132.6 (21.4) | 128.9 (21.7) | 130.8 (21.6) | 133 (21.9) | 131.1 (22.9) | 130.1 (23.1) | 133.3 (22.1) |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) [(sd)] | 81.7 (12.4) | 82.3 (12.5) | 80 (12.2) | 81.8 (12.4) | 82.8 (12.2) | 81.8 (13) | 81.1 (13) | 83.2 (12.7) |
| Age (years) [(sd)] | 50.6 (9.8) | 51.9 (9.5) | 50 (9.8) | 49.9 (9.7) | 50.7 (9.9) | 49.5 (9.8) | 49.4 (9.8) | 49.6 (9.6) |
| BMI (Kg/m2) [(sd)] | 25.9 (5.2) | 27.2 (5.5) | 25.8 (5.8) | 25.6 (4.9) | 24.8 (4.2) | 23.8 (4.5) | 23.2 (4.3) | 25.2 (4.6) |
| % Rural | 46.2 | 58.4 | 36.7 | 49.0 | 40.6 | na | na | na |
| % Women | 58.0 | 58.2 | 58.2 | 58.1 | 57.0 | 42.4 | 57.6 | 57.8 |
| % Dirty fuel a | 28.7 | 14.0 | 28.5 | 38.2 | 33.1 | na | na | na |
| % Current smokers | 20.9 | 18.0 | 22.7 | 22.9 | 21.1 | 25.1 | 26.7 | 22.6 |
| % Hypertension | 40.2 | 44.5 | 36.2 | 38.1 | 41.8 | 36.7 | 34.2 | 42.2 |
| % Diabetes | 8.0 | 6.9 | 11.1 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 4.7 | 3.8 | 6.7 |
| % Anti-hypertensive medication | 13.8 | 17.8 | 12.9 | 11.7 | 13.0 | 8.7 | 6.7 | 13.2 |
| PM2.5 (μg/m3) [(sd)] | 36.2 (25.9) | 9.5 (2.5) | 19.6 (3.3) | 43.3 (12.8) | 73.2 (9.9) | 40.2 (24.7) | 41.1 (23.7) | 38.0 (26.6) |
a
Solid fuel + kerosene