Table 1.

Malfunctions, Injuries, and Deaths Related to Use of Elastomeric Pumps to Deliver Local Anesthetics, Including Reports of LAST and Injuries of Interest

	Total Reports Involving Elastomeric Pumps to Deliver Local Anesthetic (n=4093)
Reports identifying pumps with flow issues	903 (22.1)
Reports identifying possible or probable LAST	139 (3.4)
Reports identifying possible liver injury	13 (0.3)
Reports identifying possible surgical site infection	51 (1.2)
Malfunction reports	3624 (88.5)
Possible or probable LAST	26 (0.6)
Possible liver injury	2 (<0.1)
Possible site infection	5 (0.1)
Injuries	292 (7.1)
Possible or probable LAST	84 (2.1)
Possible liver injury	11 (0.3)
Possible site infection	38 (0.9)
Deaths	8 (0.2)
Possible or probable LAST	2 (<0.1)
Possible liver injury	0 (0.0)
Possible site infection	0 (0.0)
Other report codes/missing codes	169 (4.1)
Possible or probable LAST	27 (0.7)
Possible liver injury	0 (0.0)
Possible site infection	8 (0.2)

Note: Values are the n (%).

Abbreviation: LAST, local anesthetic systemic toxicity.