Table 2.
Variables Analyzed as Possible Risk Factors for S. aureus Colonization
| Total Population (n=1876) |
S. aureus Colonized (n=619) n (%) (95% CI) or Mean (SD) |
Magnitude (CI 95%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age group (years) | 0–4 (n=651) | 122 (18.7) (15.7–21.7) | OR 5–14 years: 2.96 (2.36–3.72)* |
| 5–9 (n=647) | 263 (40.7) (36.9–44.4) | ||
| 10–14 (n=578) | 234 (40.5) (36.5–44.5) | ||
| Mean age (years) |
Colonized | 8.19 (3.96) | MD: 1.75 (1.35–2.15)* |
| Not colonized | 6.44 (4.50) | ||
| Gender | Male (n=930) | 339 (36.5) (33.4–39.5) | OR male: 1.36 (1.12–1.66)* |
| Female (n=946) | 280 (29.6) (26.7–32.1) | ||
| Child’s origin | Foreign (n=77) | 26 (33.8) (23.2–44.3) | OR: 1.04 (0.64–1.68) |
| Spanish (n=1799) | 591 (32.8) (30.8–35.1) | ||
| Mother’s origin | Foreign (n=387) | 115 (29.7) (25.2–34.3) | OR: 0.83 (0.65–1.05) |
| Spanish (n=1489) | 502 (33.7) (31.4–36.2) | ||
| Father’s origin | Foreign (n=357) | 123 (34.5) (29.5–39.4) | OR: 1.09 (0.85–1.38) |
| Spanish (n=1519) | 494 (32.5) (30.3–35.0) | ||
| Number of siblings | Colonized | 2.00 (0.98) | MD: 0.03 (−0.07–0.13) |
| Not colonized | 1.97 (1.01) | ||
| People per household | Colonized | 4.03 (0.95) | MD: 0.03 (−0.06–0.12) |
| Not colonized | 4.00 (1.01) | ||
| Habitat | Urban (n=1580) | 538 (34) (31.7–36.4) | OR urban: 1.37 (1.03–1.81)* |
| Rural (n=296) | 81 (27.4) (22.3–32.4) | ||
| Livestock exposure | Yes (n=192) | 66 (34.4) (27.7–44.1) | OR: 1.07 (0.78–1.47) |
| No (n=1679) | 553 (32.9) (30.6–35.1) | ||
| Pets at home | Yes (n=867) | 282 (32.5) (29.4–35.6) | OR: 0.97 (0.80–1.18) |
| No (n=1002) | 333 (33.2) (30.3–36.2) | ||
| School/daycare attendance | Yes (n=1539) | 551 (35.8) (33.4–38.2) | OR 2.19 (1.65–2.92)* |
| No (n=336) | 68 (20.2) (16.0–24.5) | ||
| Previous antibiotic treatment | Yes (n=105) | 28 (56.7) (18.2–35.1) | OR no antibiotic: 1.38 (0.88–2.15) |
| No (n=1761) | 588 (33.4) (31.2–35.6) | ||
| Previous skin infection | Yes (n=361) | 136 (37.7) (32.8–42.8) | OR: 1.29 (1.01–1.63)* |
| No (n=1418) | 455 (32,1) (29.7–34.6) | ||
| Hospital admission last year | Yes (n=97) | 26 (26.8) (18.0–35.6) | OR: 1.36 (0.86–2.16) |
| No (n=1774) | 591 (33.3) (31.1–35.5) | ||
| Underlying chronic disease | Yes (n=633) | 242 (38.2) (34.7–42.3) | OR: 1.44 (1.18–1.76)* |
| No (n=1240) | 375 (30.2) (27.7–32.8) | ||
| MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS | |||
| Age | OR: 1.10 (1.07–1.12)* | ||
| Male gender | OR: 1.43 (1.17–1.76)* | ||
| Urban habitat | OR: 1.46 (1.08–1.97)* | ||
| Underlying chronic disease | OR: 1.27 (1.02–1.57)* | ||
Note: *Significant results are represented in bold letters.
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; MD, mean difference; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.