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Protective effects of lutein/zeaxanthin.
Lutein and zeaxanthin are derived from food and delivered to the retina and block excessive light by absorbing blue light, which is of short wavelength and high energy, act as ROS scavengers and induce antioxidant enzymes to protect the retina from oxidative stress. ROS, reactive oxygen species. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
