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. 2020 Dec 14;7:597832. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.597832

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Copyright © 2020 Wang, Zhu, Kong, Song, Azad, Xiong, Zheng and He.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of dietary probiotics or synbiotics supplementation during gestation, lactation, and nursery periods on the cytokines, IgA, and IgM concentrations in plasma of weaned piglets. Data are means ± SEM (n = 8). a–c represents statistically significant differences among the four groups (P < 0.05). IL-2, Interleukin-2; IL-6, Interleukin-6; IL-10, Interleukin-10; TNF-α, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; IFN-α, Interferon-alpha; IFN-γ, Interferon-gamma; IgA, immunoglobulin A; IgM, immunoglobulin M.