Table 2.

Examples of representative collaborations and their role in addressing gaps for DHT

Initiative	Purpose	Scope/platform	Gap addressed	Reference
Digital Medicine Society	Digital medicine applications for public health through interdisciplinary collaboration, research, and teaching	Disease and platform agnostic	Consensus	22
Personalized Parkinson's Project	Deep and frequent phenotyping of people with PD to understand interindividual variability in disease progression	Single site in The Netherlands/Verily	Compliance, standard operating procedures, patient focused, open science, advancement of interchangability across studies	31
The Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative	Identification and validation of novel biomarkers in PD	Global multisite/ Roche and Verily	Standards, open science, alignment with PD trials	28
Oxford Parkinson's Discovery Cohort	Translational research and unravel heterogeneity of PD throughout all stages of the PD continuum	UK multi-site/android app	Identification of at-risk individuals	32
Michael J. Fox Foundation Digital Health Consortium	Improve the development of therapeutics for PD through the use of digital endpoints	Multiple platforms	Metadata standards, open science, facilitate interchangability across studies	35
Movement Disorder Society Task Force on Technology	Diagnostic and therapeutic potential of technology for movement disorders	N/A	Effective use of DHT in clinical care of movement disorders	14, 21
Innovative Medicines Initiative Mobilise-D	Connecting digital mobility assessment to clinical outcomes for regulatory and clinical endorsement − chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, PD, multiple sclerosis, hip fracture recovery, and congestive heart failure	Single platform to be defined	Improve the accurate assessment of mobility in clinical trials	38