Table 3.

Health, Budgetary, and Economic Outcomes With Sodium Reduction Policy by Age and Sex Subgroups

	Difference attributable to sodium reduction policy
Outcomes	Ages 35–64 years	Ages ≥65 years	Men	Women
At 10 years
Individuals SBP ≥140 mmHg (millions)	−4.0	−2.9	−3.9	−3.0
Individuals with SBP 120–139 mmHg (millions)	−6.8	−1.3	−4.7	−3.4
Over 10 years
Person-years above goal (millions)	−26	−16	−24	−18
Incident MI (thousands)	−92	−127	−156	−63
Incident strokea (thousands)	−65	−220	−147	−137
Incident CVD events (thousands)	−265	−630	−530	−365
Incident CVD death (thousands)	−39	−214	−157	−95
CVD costs, total (billions $)	−12	−25	−22	−15
Total productivity (billions $)	5	13	12	6

Note: The Incident CVD events rows combine incident MI, incident stroke, incident hospitalization for congestive heart failure, onset of angina pectoris, and onset of intermittent claudication. All costs are in undiscounted 2017 U.S. dollars.

^aIncident stroke includes incident ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.

CVD, cardiovascular disease; MI, myocardial infarction; SBP, systolic blood pressure.