Figure 1.

Peripheral blood lymphocyte populations during acute infection. Acutely infected subjects (n = 52) are compared with a cohort of uninfected control subjects (n = 12 total, n = 10 with absolute counts available). A, Total CD8⁺ T cells, total CD4⁺ T cells, and total CD19⁺ B-cell populations measured in peripheral blood. B, Quantified percentage of total CD8⁺ T cells and CD4⁺ T cells expressing both the HLA-DR and CD38 markers of T-cell activation. C, Representative fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) plots of CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ T-cell activation staining gated on total live CD3⁺CD8⁺ or CD3⁺CD4⁺ cells, numbers are percentage of cells present in the gate that is drawn. Abbreviations: Cy7, cyanine 7; PE, phycoerythrin. D, The percentage of total CD19⁺ B cells with the activated B-cell surface phenotype—immunoglobulin (Ig) D⁻CD71^hiCD20^highCD38^{low-intermediate}—or the plasmablast B-cell surface phenotype—IgD⁻CD71^hiCD20^lowCD38^high. E, Representative FACS plots gated on live CD19⁺ B-cell populations, numbers are percentage of cells present in the gate that is drawn.