Table 2.
Characteristics of the Overall Cohort Based on the Occurrence of Adverse Outcomes (Tamponade, Constrictive Pericarditis, Failure of Treatment, Clinical Recurrences, or Death)
| Characteristics | Uncomplicated Cases (n = 158) | Patients With Adverse Outcome (n = 82) |
|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||
| Male sex | 95 (50.1) | 40 (48.8) |
| Age, y | 51 [35-62] | 53 [32-65] |
| Race | ||
| White | 74 (46.8) | 47 (57.3) |
| Black | 70 (44.9) | 29 (35.4) |
| Other | 13 (8.2) | 6 (7.3) |
| BMI | 28 [24-32] | 28 [23-34] |
| Medical history | ||
| Hypertension | 81 (51.3) | 45 (54.9) |
| Diabetes | 37 (23.4) | 14 (17.1) |
| Dyslipidemia | 51 (32.3) | 28 (34.1) |
| Coronary artery disease | 36 (22.8) | 16 (19.5) |
| Chronic heart failure | 32 (20.3) | 19 (23.2) |
| Stroke/transient ischemic attack | 9 (5.7) | 4 (4.9) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 43 (27.2) | 20 (24.4) |
| Previous myocardial infarction | 27 (17.1) | 6 (7.3) |
| Active smokers | 55 (34.8) | 22 (26.8) |
| Autoimmune diseases | 12 (7.6) | 12 (14.6) |
| TB | 2 (1.3) | … |
| Chest radiation | 5 (3.2) | 3 (3.7) |
| Neoplastic diseases | 15 (9.5) | 15 (18.3) |
| Severe chronic kidney disease | 23 (14.6) | 21 (25.6) |
| Chest trauma | 4 (2.5) | 2 (2.4) |
| Recent cardiac procedure | ||
| Percutaneous coronary intervention | 5 (3.2) | 2 (2.4) |
| Pacemaker/cardiac ablation | 17 (10.8) | 7 (8.5) |
| Cardiac surgery | 13 (8.2) | 6 (7.3) |
| Therapies | ||
| Immunosuppression | 9 (5.7) | 6 (7.3) |
| High-dose corticosteroids | 4 (2.5) | 5 (6.1) |
| Oral anticoagulation | 24 (15.2) | 3 (3.7) |
| Etiology | ||
| Idiopathic | 82 (49.7) | 44 (58.7) |
| Postcardiac injury | 61 (37.0) | 18 (24.0) |
| Other | 22 (13.3) | 13 (10.6) |
| Clinical presentation | ||
| Fever | 15 (9.5) | 6 (7.3) |
| Subacute presentation | 2 (1.3) | 10 (12.2) |
| Trauma | 4 (2.5) | 5 (6.1) |
| Severe (>20 mm) pericardial effusion | 14 (8.9) | 35 (42.7) |
| Heart failure | 27 (17.1) | 16 (19.5) |
| Chest pain | 150 (94.9) | 70 (85.4) |
| Cardiac examination | ||
| Pericardial rub | 31 (19.6) | 12 (14.6) |
| Pulsus paradoxus | 3 (1.9) | 7 (8.5) |
| Kussmaul sign | 3 (1.9) | 4 (4.9) |
| ECG | ||
| PR depression | 48 (30.4) | 23 (28) |
| ST elevation | 73 (46.2) | 31 (37.8) |
| T wave inversion | 41 (25.9) | 17 (20.7) |
| Laboratory | ||
| WBC, No. ×103/mL | 9.0 [6.5-12.5] | 9.7 [7.3-11.9] |
| Neutrophils, No. ×103/mL | 6.65 [4.13-9.8] | 7.10 [4.45-8.95] |
| Lymphocyte, No. ×103/mL | 1.65 [1-2.3] | 1.3 [1-1.9] |
| Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio | 3.97 [2.31-7.07] | 4.80 [3.22-7.98] |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 12.4 [10.7-14] | 11.4 [9-13.1] |
| Platelets, No. ×103/mL | 233 [167-306] | 284 [188-388] |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.89 [0.74-1.08] | 0.86 [0.69-1.31] |
| C-reactive protein, mg/dL | 7.8 [1-5-15.3] | 14.3 [2.1-21.8] |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mm/h | 43 [20-83] | 71 [42-105] |
| Troponin ≥ 0.20 ng/mL | 40 (25.3) | 6 (7.3) |
| Treatment at presentation | ||
| Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs | 116 (73.4) | 53 (64.6) |
| Colchicine | 109 (69.0) | 43 (52.4) |
| Glucocorticoids | 16 (10.1) | 13 (15.9) |
| Surgical procedure | ||
| Pericardiectomy | 2 (1.3) | 6 (7.3) |
| Pericardial window | 1 (0.6) | 6 (7.3) |
| Pericardiocentesis | 3 (1.9) | 24 (29.3) |
The data are presented as No. (%) of all cases or as median [interquartile range].