Table 3.
Two-way contingency table showing the association of antibody levels with indexes of kidney outcome and the interaction between autoantibodies against phospholipase A2 receptor 1 and intracellular antigens for nephrotic patients at diagnosis
| Antibody | Proteinuria >0.3 g/d at 12 mo | Proteinuria ≤0.3 g/d at 12 mo | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | Proteinuria >3.5 g/d at 12 mo | Proteinuria ≤3.5 g/d at 12 mo | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 at 12 mo | eGFR>60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 at 12 mo | Odds Ratio (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anti-PLA2R1 (P) | |||||||||
| Positive Negative | 109 (62%) 35 (20%) | 22 (12%) 11 (6%) | 1.5 (0.7 to 3.5) | 44 (25%) 11 (6%) | 87 (49%) 35 (20%) | 1.6 (0.7 to 3.5) | 53 (30%) 16 (9%) | 78 (44%) 30 (17%) | 1.3 (0.6 to 2.6) |
| Anti-SOD2 (S) | |||||||||
| Positive Negative | 57 (32%) 87 (49%) | 6 (3%) 27 (15%) | 2.9 (1.1 to 7.6) | 24 (14%) 31 (18%) | 39 (22%) 83 (47%) | 1.6 (0.8 to 3.2) | 29 (16%) 40 (23%) | 34 (19%) 74 (42%) | 1.6 (0.8 to 2.9) |
| Anti-αENO (E) | |||||||||
| Positive Negative | 67 (38%) 77 (44%) | 11 (6%) 22 (12%) | 1.7 (0.8 to 3.8) | 29 (16%) 26 (15%) | 49 (28%) 73 (41%) | 1.7 (0.9 to 3.1) | 36 (20%) 33 (19%) | 42 (24%) 66 (37%) | 1.7 (0.9 to 3.1) |
| P+/S+a | |||||||||
| Positive Negative | 45 (34%) 64 (49%) | 3 (2%) 19 (14%) | 4.4 (1.2 to 16) | 19 (14%) 25 (19%) | 29 (22%) 58 (44%) | 1.5 (0.7 to 3.2) | 21 (16%) 32 (24%) | 27 (21%) 51 (39%) | 1.2 (0.6 to 2.5) |
| P+/S+/E+a | |||||||||
| Positive Negative | 30 (23%) 79 (60%) | 2 (2%) 20 (15%) | 3.8 (0.8 to 17) | 15 (11%) 29 (22%) | 17 (13%) 70 (53%) | 2.1 (0.9 to 4.8) | 13 (10%) 40 (31%) | 19 (15%) 59 (45%) | 1 (0.4 to 2.3) |
| Anti-PLA2R1 (P) | |||||||||
| High titer Low titer | 65 (50%) 44 (34%) | 6 (5%) 16 (12%) | 3.9 (1.4 to 11) | 26 (20%) 18 (14%) | 45 (34%) 42 (32%) | 1.3 (0.6 to 2.8) | 33 (25%) 20 (15%) | 41 (31%) 37 (28%) | 1.5 (0.7 to 3) |
| Anti-SOD2 (S) | |||||||||
| High titer Low titer | 28 (44%) 29 (46%) | 5 (8%) 1 (2%) | 0.2 (0.02 to 1.7) | 14 (22%) 10 (16%) | 18 (29%) 21 (33%) | 1.6 (0.6 to 4.6) | 15 (24%) 14 (22%) | 16 (25%) 18 (29%) | 1.2 (0.4 to 3.2) |
| Anti-αENO (E) | |||||||||
| High titer Low titer | 33 (42%) 34 (44%) | 5 (6%) 6 (8%) | 1.2 (0.3 to 4) | 15 (19%) 14 (18%) | 23 (29%) 26 (33%) | 1.2 (0.5 to 3) | 15 (19%) 21 (27%) | 27 (35%) 15 (19%) | 0.4 (0.15 to 1) |
| High P+/S+b | |||||||||
| High titer P/S+ High titer P/S− | 17 (35%) 28 (58%) | 1 (2%) 2 (4%) | 1.2 (0.1 to 14) | 8 (17%) 11 (23%) | 11 (23%) 18 (37%) | 1.2 (0.4 to 3.9) | 6 (12%) 13 (27%) | 10 (21%) 17 (35%) | 1 (0.3 to 3.4) |
The 2×2 contingency table reports the association with OR and 95% CI between antibody titer and clinical outcome. Data are calculated from the subset of patients with nephrotic syndrome excluding the eight anti–THSD7A positive patients (n=177). The upper section shows the association between positivity versus negativity of each autoantibody at diagnosis with clinical outcome of proteinuria (complete (≤0.3 g/d) or partial (<3.5 g/d) remission) and eGFR after 12 mo. The lower section shows the association of high versus low levels of each antibody with the same parameters of proteinuria and eGFR. The additive effect of positivity for more than one antibody is indicated as P+/S+ and P+/S+/E+. THSD7A, thrombospondin type-1 domain containing 7A; PLA2R1, phospholipase A2 receptor 1; αENO, α-enolase; S, SOD; OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; curve analysis.
In these cases, P+/S+ were compared with P+/S−, and P+/S+/E+ were compared with P+/S−/E−.
In this case, high P/S (high P titer and S positivity) were compared with high P titer and S negativity.