Table 3.
Laboratory examination of COVID-19 patients with an abnormal liver function within 48 hours of admission to the hospital
| Liver test | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||
| Variables | All patients (n = 183) | Mild liver injury (n = 103) | Moderate/severe liver injury (n = 80) | P value |
| Liver injury: | ||||
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 38.00 (24.00–63.00) | 30.00 (21.50–42.95) | 63.00 (27.95–111.95) | 0.000† |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 36.00 (25.00–51.10) | 28.10 (24.00–40.50) | 49.00 (29.50–76.50) | 0.000† |
| Alkaline phosphatase (U/L) | 67.00 (50.00–86.00) | 64.00 (48.00–71.00) | 82.50 (550.75–127.25) | N |
| γ-Glutamyl transferase (U/L) | 50.00 (26.50–94.50) | 34.00 (24.00–52.60) | 79.75 (44.25–157.25) | 0.000† |
| Total protein (g/L) | 66.10 (61.15–69.28) | 66.70 (62.28–69.55) | 63.60 (58.83–68.98) | 0.614 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 32.50 (28.00–36.75) | 34.90 (30.00–38.75) | 31.20 (28.40–34.00) | 0.001† |
| Albumin (g/L) (No (%)): | ||||
| ≤35.0 | 126 (68.85) | 52 (50.49) | 74 (92.50) | |
| 35.0–40.0 | 42 (22.95) | 37 (35.92) | 5 (6.25) | |
| ≥40.0 | 15 (8.20) | 13 (12.61) | 2 (2.50) | |
| Globulin (g/L) | 31.00 (27.95–34.65) | 30.90 (27.40–33.78) | 31.70 (29.20–37.20) | N |
| Albumin/Globulin ratio | 1.10 (0.90–1.30) | 1.20 (1.00–1.31) | 1.00 (0.90–1.10) | 0.004† |
| Total bilirubin (umoL/L) | 12.00 (9.00–17.90) | 11.30 (8.20–11.90) | 15.00 (11.00–20.25) | N |
| Liver ischemia and hypoxia: | ||||
| Prothrombin time (PT) (s) | 13.10 (12.08–13.73) | 13.10 (12.30–13.70) | 13.10 (11.40–13.95) | N |
| International normalized ratio (INR) | 1.04 (0.97–1.10) | 1.03 (0.96–1.07) | 1.05 (0.95–1.13) | N |
| Fibrinogen (FIB) (g/L) | 5.37 (3.92–6.80) | 4.96 (3.38–6.04) | 6.64 (4.58–8.07) | 0.027∗ |
| Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) (s) | 38.00 (34.10–44.70) | 37.65 (33.05–43.48) | 39.60 (35.50–46.30) | N |
| Thrombin time (s) | 17.00 (15.75–19.45) | 16.00 (15.25–17.10) | 19.15 (16.73–25.03) | N |
| D-dimer (mg/L) | 0.83 (0.36–1.86) | 0.51 (0.26–1.29) | 1.40 (0.80–4.52) | 0.000† |
| PaO2 (mm Hg) | 88.40 (74.60–108.60) | 92.00 (81.50–110.50) | 79.80 (68.13–106.30) | 0.045∗ |
| Oxygenation index (mm Hg) | 353.64 (199.76–451.43) | 404.76 (233.09–467.14) | 278.98 (152.83–383.21) | 0.045∗ |
| Systemic abnormal immune and inflammatory response: | ||||
| White blood cell count (×109/L) | 6.50 (4.89–10.15) | 6.10 (4.57–8.30) | 7.50 (5.48–11.13) | N |
| White blood cell count (×109/L) (No (%)): | ||||
| <4 | 19 (10.38) | 12 (11.65) | 7 (8.75) | |
| 4–10 | 53 (28.86) | 34 (33.01) | 19 (23.75) | |
| >10 | 111 (60.66) | 57 (55.34) | 54 (67.50) | |
| Neutrophil count (×109/L) | 4.48 (2.93–8.74) | 4.04 (2.36–5.93) | 5.33 (3.53–9.06) | N |
| Lymphocyte count (×109/L) | 1.00 (0.69–1.30) | 1.10 (0.79–1.34) | 0.91 (0.56–1.20) | 0.095 |
| C-reactive protein (CRP) (mg/L) | 36.17 (12.63–81.14) | 25.40 (8.00–71.20) | 46.40 (17.85–90.50) | 0.068 |
| Interleukin-2 (IL-2) (pg/mL) | 0.80 (0.53–1.04) | 0.67 (0.52–1.07) | 0.86 (0.60–1.01) | N |
| Interleukin-4 (IL-4) (pg/mL) | 0.65 (0.43–1.13) | 0.57 (0.31–1.15) | 0.80 (0.52–1.13) | N |
| Interleukin-6 (IL-6) (pg/mL) | 6.19 (2.46–44.89) | 4.25 (2.06–22.91) | 12.00 (4.98–57.97) | 0.004† |
| Interleukin-10 (IL-10) (pg/mL) | 4.13 (2.03–9.30) | 3.50 (1.59–6.96) | 5.00 (3.15–12.88) | 0.028∗ |
| Interferon-γ (INF-γ) (pg/mL) | 1.61 (0.36–3.71) | 0.93 (0.17–2.89) | 2.06 (0.84–4.13) | N |
| Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (pg/mL) | 0.42 (0.10–1.21) | 0.29 (0.10–0.93) | 0.52 (0.10–1.55) | N |
| Other lab examinations: | ||||
| Erythrocyte count (×109 /L) | 4.17 (3.81–4.62) | 4.16 (3.84–4.80) | 4.18 (3.60–4.42) | N |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 124.00 (112.75–138.25) | 127.00 (119.50–142.00) | 119.00 (104.50–134.50) | N |
| Platelet count (×109 /L) | 213.00 (168.50–264.50) | 234.00 (164.00–323.00) | 200.00 (175.50–263.50) | N |
| Urea nitrogen (mmoL/L) | 4.68 (3.50–6.50) | 4.14 (3.50–6.00) | 5.16 (3.60–7.53) | N |
| Creatinine (U/L) | 59.00 (50.00–75.00) | 60.70 (51.05–74.75) | 56.00 (48.00–78.50) | N |
| Creatine kinase (U/L) | 72.00 (44.00–158.00) | 72.00 (46.75–140.25) | 65.00 (41.00–221.00) | N |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 307.00 (201.00–431.00) | 289.50 (204.25–378.00) | 343.00 (201.00–460.00) | 0.639 |
| Myohemoglobin (ng/mL) | 45.95 (29.60–96.85) | 37.40 (24.00–54.40) | 70.00 (42.50–111.80) | N |
| Type B brain natriuretic peptide (pg/mL) | 42.00 (11.55–145.50) | 28.50 (9.00–64.50) | 91.50 (16.75–209.00) | N |
| Blood PH | 7.41 (7.38–7.44) | 7.41 (7.38–7.44) | 7.42 (7.39–7.45) | N |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 3.81 (3.40–4.14) | 3.84 (3.47–4.15) | 3.71 (3.29–4.12) | N |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 138.00 (135.00–140.45) | 138.80 (136.00–140.25) | 138.00 (135.00–141.08) | N |
Data are N (%) or median with 95% CI (IQR).
N indicates that parameters of both groups are in the normal range.
∗
P < 0.05.
†
P < 0.01 versus mild liver injury cases.