Table 4.

Characteristics Associated with Negative Cultures in Study Subjects (N=138)

	Unadjusted Analysis OR (95% CI)
Male gender	0.62 (0.31–1.22)
Age (years)	1.00 (0.98–1.02)
History of DM	0.74 (0.37–1.47)
History of cancer	1.47 (0.62–3.44)
XDR Strain	1.5 (0.34–6.60)
Bacteria
K. pneumoniae	Reference
E. coli	0.98 (0.46–2.11)
Enterobacter species	1.25 (0.44–3.52)
Resistance type
ESBL	0.67 (0.32–1.39)
CPE	2.35 (0.71–8.54)
Other	Reference
Ventilation	0.30 (0.14–0.60)
ESRD	1.05 (0.35–3.92)
Prior 90 days antibiotics use	0.43 (0.18–0.99)
Prior 4 weeks antibiotics use	0.54 (0.25–1.15)
Inotropes	0.60 (0.29–1.16)
ICU length stay ≥ 72hrs until culture	1.19 (0.60–2.36)
Appropriateness of therapy	0.67 (0.33–1.33)

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CPE, carbapenem-producing Enterobacteriaceae; DM, diabetes mellitus; ESBL, extended-spectrum β-lactamase; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; ICU, intensive care unit; OR, odds ratio, SD, standard deviation; XDR, extensive drug-resistant.