Figure 1.

Macrophage maturation and senescence in non-immune cells share a multitude of cellular features. Mature macrophages (Mϕ) and senescent cells share multiple common phenotypes. Both cell types display phagocytosis, lysosomal expansion, and metabolic reprogramming; have a secretory phenotype; and are cell cycle–arrested. While macrophage maturation is a differentiation process driven by CSF-1 and other growth factors, senescence is a cellular response to stress signals such as oncogenic activation, replicative exhaustion, or drugs that cause DNA damage.