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. 2020 Dec 28;128(12):125002. doi: 10.1289/EHP7215

Figure 1.

Figure 1 is a tabular representation having six columns, namely, Example competency question, Input, Output, Priority concepts, Ontologies, and Model data type, and two rows. Row 1: What fish species have reduced fecundity following sublethal pyrethroid pesticide exposure; receptor category, outcome, and stressor; receptor species; and in the column Priority concepts: Chemical, Taxon, and Phenotype; in the column Ontologies: Chemicals of Biological Interest or Environmental Conditions, Treatments, and Exposures Ontology; National Center for Biotechnology Information; and Unified Phenotype Ontology; in the column Model data type: Stressor, Receptor, and Phenotype/outcome. Row 2: Is iron safe for someone diagnosed with hemochromatosis (heterozygous or homozygous)?; Stressor genotype; Outcome; and in the column Priority concepts: Chemical and Disease; in the column Ontologies: Chemicals of Biological Interest or Environmental Conditions, Treatments, and Exposures Ontology and Mondo Disease Ontology; and in the column Model data type: Stressor and Disease/outcome.

Example competency questions. Competency questions were developed by workshop participants (see the section “Competency Questions” in the Supplemental Material) to help guide the data model and expose deficiencies in ontological coverage. The input indicates the type of information provided by the hypothetical user in the example question. The output indicates the type of information the hypothetical user is requesting. The semantic types of the inputs and outputs are listed as priority concepts that can be represented by the listed ontologies, such as chemical (dashed line), taxon (white), phenotype or disease (hashed lines), and genotype (gray). These semantic types and are represented in the semantic model (Figure 2) as the model data type. Note: CheBI, Chemicals of Biological Interest; ECTO, Environmental Conditions, Treatments, and Exposures Ontology; GENO, Genotype Ontology; GO, Gene Ontology; Mondo, Mondo Disease Ontology; NCBI, National Center for Biotechnology Information; uPheno, Unified Phenotype Ontology.