Table 1. Vulnerability of the rural residents for snakebite in relation to their demographic and socio-economic characteristics (N = 8707).
| Characteristic | No. ever snakebite victims (%) (n = 816) | No. non-victims (%) (n = 7891) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 490 (11.0%) | 3981 (89.0%) | 1.48 (1.27–1.71) | 1.66 (1.42–1.94) |
| Female | 326 (7.7%) | 3910 (92.3%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Age group | ||||
| 60 and above 1 | 138 (28.0%) | 354 (72.0%) | 7.23 (5.68–9.21) | 5.44 (3.65–8.1) |
| 40–59 years 1 | 350 (17.2%) | 1689 (82.8%) | ||
| 20–39 years 1 | 252 (9.1%) | 2510 (90.9%) | ||
| 1–19 years | 76 (2.2%) | 3338 (97.8%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Sinhala | 625 (10.7%) | 5222 (89.3%) | 1.68 (1.42–1.99) | 1.69 (1.42–2.04) |
| Tamil 1 | 71 (6.1%) | 1092 (93.9%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Muslim/Moor 1 | 84 (6.4%) | 1221 (93.6%) | ||
| Other 1 | 36 (9.2%) | 356 (90.8%) | ||
| Current marital status | ||||
| Single 1 | 693 (14.9%) | 3972 (85.1%) | 5.88 (4.81–7.19) | 2.15 (1.56–2.96) |
| Widowed 1 | 6 (54.5%) | 5 (45.5%) | ||
| Married | 117 (2.9%) | 3914 (97.1%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Highest level of education | ||||
| No formal education 1 | 55 (5.7%) | 917 (94.3%) | 1.57 (1.36–1.81) | 2.23 (1.91–2.61) |
| Grade 1–5 1 | 339 (14.3%) | 2026 (85.7%) | ||
| Grade 6–10 2 | 289 (6.8%) | 3965 (93.2%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Ordinary Level examination2 | 118 (11.8%) | 885 (88.2%) | ||
| Above Ordinary Level 2 | 15 (13.4%) | 97 (86.6%) | ||
| Type of employment | ||||
| Farming 1 | 516 (14.6%) | 3020 (85.4%) | 2.97 (2.55–3.46) | 1.28 (1.05–1.55) |
| Unskilled work 1 | 26 (15.5%) | 142 (84.5%) | ||
| Skilled/Technical work 2 | 72 (14.7%) | 418 (85.3%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Student 2 | 67 (2.7%) | 2437 (97.3%) | ||
| Housewife 2 | 109 (12.5%) | 765 (87.5%) | ||
| None of the above 2 | 26 (2.3%) | 1109 (97.7%) | ||
| Household income (Rs.) | ||||
| 10,000 or less 1 | 337 (13.7%) | 2115 (86.3%) | 1.65 (1.37–1.98) | 1.46 (1.2–1.77) |
| 11,000–20,000 1 | 332 (8.3%) | 3677 (91.7%) | ||
| 21,000–30,000 2 | 124 (7.0%) | 1644 (93.0%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 31,000–40,000 2 | 13 (3.8%) | 330 (96.2%) | ||
| > 40,000 2 | 10 (7.5%) | 123 (92.5%) |
1,2 Categories combined for univariate and logistic regression analysis.
3 Model summary statistics: Overall percentage correctly identified 90.7%; Cox & Snell R Square: 0.071; Model significance: Chi-square value = 641.011; df = 7; p = 0.000.