Table 1. Clinical, demographic and exposure comparison between healthcare workers and non-healthcare workers with SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 56,606).
| Variable | Healthcare workers, n (%) | Non-healthcare workers, n (%) | p-valuea | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Doctor | Nurse | Otherb | Total | |||
| Total (% of all SARS-CoV-2 infections) | 161 (0.3) | 1756 (3.1) | 5133 (9.1) | 7050 (12.5) | 49556 (87.5) | |
| Female gender | 65 (40.4) | 1516 (86.3) | 4142 (80.7) | 5723 (81.2) | 23479 (47.4) | <0.001 |
| Age | <0.001 | |||||
| <30 | 25 (15.5) | 443 (25.2) | 890 (17.3) | 1358 (19.3) | 15107 (30.5) | |
| 30–44 | 68 (42.2) | 630 (35.9) | 1603 (31.2) | 2301(32.6) | 10153(20.5) | |
| 45–59 | 36 (22.4) | 557 (31.7) | 2057 (40.1) | 2650 (37.6) | 9581 (19.3) | |
| 60–74 | 29 (18.0) | 125 (7.1) | 576 11.2) | 730 (10.4) | 6630 (13.4) | |
| 75+ | 3 (1.9) | 1 (0.1) | 7 (0.1) | 11 (0.2) | 8079 (16.3) | |
| Unknown | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 (<0.1) | |
| One or more comorbiditiesc | 36 (22.4) | 537 (30.6) | 1482 (28.9) | 2055 (29.1) | 14073 (28.4) | 0.19 |
| Asthma | 8 (5.0) | 123 (7.0) | 327 (6.4) | 458 (6.5) | 2197 (4.4) | |
| COPD | 0 | 7 (0.4) | 8 (0.2) | 15 (0.2) | 669 (1.3) | |
| Renal conditions | 1 (0.6) | 9 (0.5) | 39 (0.8) | 49 (0.7) | 1020 (2.1) | |
| Cardiovascular conditions | 13 (8.1) | 163 (9.3) | 457 (8.9) | 633 (9.0) | 6012 (12.1) | |
| Diabetes | 5 (3.1) | 108 (6.2) | 364 (7.1) | 477 (6.8) | 3988 (8.0) | |
| Immune compromised or cancer | 3 (1.9) | 45 (2.6) | 132 (2.6) | 180 (2.6) | 1693 (3.4) | |
| Obesity | 1 (0.6) | 43 (2.4) | 89 (1.7) | 133 (1.9) | 589 (1.2) | |
| Other medical conditions | 13 (8.1) | 249 (14.2) | 578 (11.3) | 840 (11.9) | 6274 (12.7) | |
| Clinical presentation | ||||||
| Presymptomatic | 1 (0.6) | 30 (1.7) | 77 (1.5) | 108 (1.5) | 601 (1.2) | 0.02 |
| Presenting symptoms | <0.001 | |||||
| Asymptomatic | 19 (11.8) | 177 (10.1) | 951 (18.5) | 1147 (16.3) | 8680 (17.5) | |
| Fever and/or cough | 90 (55.9) | 981 (55.9) | 2578 (50.2) | 3802 (53.9) | 23165 (46.7) | |
| Other symptoms | 32 (19.9) | 427 (24.3) | 1359 (26.5) | 1906 (27.0) | 12918 (26.1) | |
| Missing symptom data | 4 (2.5) | 40 (2.3) | 220 (4.3) | 195 (2.8) | 4793 (9.7) | |
| Outcomes | <0.001 | |||||
| Not hospitalized | 150(93.2) | 1687 (96.1) | 4966 (96.7) | 6803 (96.5) | 42713 (86.2) | |
| Hospitalized | 7 (4.3) | 51 (2.9) | 121 (2.4) | 179 (2.5) | 3128 (6.3) | |
| Intensive care unit—not on ventilator | 1 (0.6) | 10 (0.6) | 30 (0.6) | 41 (0.6) | 500 (1.0) | |
| Intensive care unit–on a ventilator | 3 (1.9) | 7 (0.4) | 5 (0.1) | 15 (0.2) | 211 (0.4) | |
| Died | 0 | 1 (0.1) | 11 (0.2) | 12 (0.2) | 3004 (6.1) | |
| Resolved | 161 (100.0) | 1752 (99.8) | 5109 (99.5) | 7022 (99.6) | 45737 (92.3) | <0.001 |
| Exposure history | <0.001 | |||||
| Outbreak-associated or close contact of a confirmed case | 67 (41.6) | 1347 (76.7) | 3956 (77.1) | 5370 (76.2) | 31268 (63.1) | |
| No known epidemiological link | 57 (35.4) | 291 (16.6) | 835 (16.3) | 1183 (16.8) | 8281 (16.7) | |
| Travel-Related | 28 (17.4) | 77 (4.4) | 152 (3.0) | 257 (3.6) | 1997 (4.0) | |
| Information missing | 9 (5.6) | 41 (2.3) | 190 (3.7) | 240 (3.4) | 8010 (16.2) | |
| Exposed to long-term care home | 6 (3.7) | 586 (33.4) | 2334 (45.5) | 2926 (41.5) | 6926 (14.0) | |
| Nosocomial transmissiond | <0.001 | |||||
| Yes | 1 (0.9) | 80 (5.1) | 106 (2.3) | 187 (3.0) | 410 (0.9) | |
| No | 33 (30.3) | 301 (19.0) | 820 (18.0) | 1154 (18.4) | 6523 (14.1) | |
| Unknown or missing | 75 (68.8) | 1201 (75.9) | 3642 (79.7) | 4918 (78.6) | 39490 (85.1) | |
a Statistical comparison between total healthcare workers and non-healthcare workers
b 2154 (30.6%) were personal support workers identified through free text searching.
c Comorbidities include; anemia or hemoglobinopathy, asthma, cancer, cardiovascular disease, chronic liver disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diabetes, immunocompromised, neurological disorder, obesity, pregnant or post-partum, renal conditions, tuberculosis, other chronic medical condition.
d Nosocomial variable added on April 3, 2020, therefore the denominators used were 6259 healthcare workers (109 doctors, 1582 nurses, and 4568 other) and 46423 non-healthcare workers.