Table 1. Baseline, clinical and analytical data of patients at admission to hospital due to covid-19 infection and comparison according to need of high-flow oxygen support (invasive or non-invasive ventilation, nasal high-flow cannula or non-rebreathing oxygen mask with reservoir).
| Overall (N = 430) | High-flow oxygen support | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (N = 135) | No (N = 295) | |||
| Male sex | 249 (57.9%) | 85 (63.0%) | 164 (55.6%) | 0.091 |
| Age, years | 57.9±13.1 | 61.0±12.1 | 56.5±13.3 | 0.001 |
| Comorbidies | ||||
| Arterial Hypertension | 169 (39.3%) | 64 (47.4%) | 105 (35.6%) | 0.013 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 70 (16.3%) | 31 (23.0%) | 39 (13.2%) | 0.009 |
| Obesity | 115 (26.9%) | 45 (33.8%) | 70 (23.8%) | 0.021 |
| Asthma | 18 (4.2%) | 8 (5.9%) | 10 (3.4%) | 0.168 |
| COPD | 23 (5.3%) | 14 (10.4%) | 9 (3.1%) | 0.003 |
| Smoker (active or former) | 104 (24.4%) | 40 (30.1%) | 64 (21.8%) | 0.045 |
| Immunosuppresive therapy | 24 (5.6%) | 13 (9.6%) | 11 (3.7%) | 0.015 |
| Fever* | 342 (79.5%) | 113 (83.7%) | 229 (77.6%) | 0.092 |
| Days from fever onset | 6.3±4.2 | 5.1±3.7 | 6.9±4.3 | <0.001 |
| Cough | 335 (77.9%) | 108 (80.0%) | 227 (76.9%) | 0.282 |
| Days from cough onset | 7.1±4.7 | 6.1±3.7 | 7.5±5.0 | 0.008 |
| Dyspnea | 249 (57.9%) | 92 (68.1%) | 157 (53.2%) | 0.002 |
| Days from dyspnea onset | 3.7±3.9 | 3.2±6.7 | 3.9±4.1 | 0.200 |
| Diarrhea | 135 (31.6%) | 33 (24.4%) | 102 (34.9%) | 0.019 |
| Myalgia | 123 (28.7%) | 31 (23.0%) | 92 (31.3%) | 0.048 |
| Anosmia | 36 (8.4%) | 8 (6.0%) | 28 (9.6%) | 0.146 |
| X-ray | ||||
| Peripheral infiltrate | 198 (46.1%) | 36 (26.7%) | 162 (54.9%) | <0.001 |
| Unilateral pneumonia | 77 (17.9%) | 17 (12.6%) | 60 (20.3%) | |
| Bilateral pneumonia | 155 (36.0%) | 82 (60.7%) | 73 (24.7%) | |
| Oxygen requirement at admission | ||||
| No | 297 (69.1%) | 63 (46.7%) | 234 (79.3%) | <0.001 |
| 0.24–0.35 L/min | 79 (18.4%) | 27 (20.0%) | 52 (17.6%) | |
| ≥0.35 L/min | 54 (12.6%) | 45 (33.3%) | 9 (3.1%) | |
| SpO2/FiO2 | 399±108 | 323±149 | 434±55 | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin, mg/dL$ | 13.6±1.8 | 13.3±1.8 | 13.7±1.8 | 0.050 |
| Total leukocytes, x10E9/L$ | 7.3±3.8 | 7.7±3.9 | 7.2±3.7 | 0.305 |
| Lymphocyte account, x10E9/L$ | 1.1±0.7 | 1.0±0.7 | 1.2±0.6 | 0.002 |
| Neutrophils account, x10E9/L$ | 5.5±3.2 | 6.2±3.8 | 5.3±2.9 | 0.030 |
| Neutrophils/ Lymphocyte ratio$ | 6.5±7.0 | 8.5±10.1 | 5.6±4.8 | <0.001 |
| Platelets, x10E9/L | 218.4±88.4 | 207.1±82.6 | 223.6±90.6 | 0.073 |
| INR& | 1.2±0.4 | 1.16±0.31 | 1.18±0.43 | 0.662 |
| D-Dimer, ng/mL# | 748.7±3045.2 | 702.2±1431.0 | 769.2±3530.8 | 0.844 |
| Ferritin, ng/mL€ | 831.0±776.8 | 968.4±906.0 | 776.2±713.5 | 0.037 |
| AST, IU/mL | 43.5±41.8 | 55.4±37.6 | 50.4±41.2 | 0.237 |
| C reactive protein, mg/dL# | 11.9±9.5 | 16.1±11.6 | 10.1±7.8 | <0.001 |
| LDH, IU/mLγ | 363.6±157.1 | 422.8±229.3 | 340.1±108.9 | <0.001 |
| Urea, mg/dL# | 38.7±27.9 | 48.0±35.9 | 34.5±22.2 | <0.001 |
| IL-6, pg/mL & | 114.6±679.6 | 208.4±1119.9 | 72.0±315.7 | <0.001 |
*Define as temperature >38°
$ This data was missing in 3 patients
& This data was missed in 36 patients
# This data was missing in 50 patients
γ This data was missing in 106 patients
€ This data was missing in 83 patients.
COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.