Figure 2.

Characterization of ADSC-derived exosomes. (a) The results of flow cytometric measurement of surface markers showed positive expression of CD63 and CD81 in the ultracentrifugation extract. (b) Transmission electron microscopy showed that the precipitate obtained by ultracentrifugation contained biconcave disc-shaped vesicles with diameters of 30–150 nm. (c) The exosome particle size distribution and particle concentration measured using NanoSight. Concentrations of ADSC-derived exosomes were divided into 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL for coculture with fibroblasts. The CCK8 assay was used to measure the rate of cell proliferation at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days. (d) When the exosome protein concentration was 25 μg/mL, the proliferation rate of the fibroblasts was increased significantly.