Table 2.
Results of Multilevel Models Examining Between and Within-Person Associations of Memory Complaints (Predictor) and Perceived Stress (Outcome) across Waves (n = 391).
| Outcome: Perceived Stress | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Predictors | b (SE) | b (SE) | b (SE) |
| Time | −0.13 (0.07) |
−.14* (.07) |
−0.15* (0.07) |
| Between-person Effects | |||
| Frequency of Forgetting | 1.43*** (.42) |
||
| Age*Frequency of Forgetting | −0.19* (.08) |
||
| Perceived 1-year Decline | 2.26** (0.79) |
||
| Perceived 10-year Decline | 1.76** (0.03) |
||
| Within-person Effects | |||
| Frequency of Forgetting | 0.10 (.28) |
||
| Perceived 1-year Decline | 0.01 (0.40) |
||
| Perceived 10-year Decline | 0.11 (0.37) |
||
| Neuroticism | 0.52*** (0.05) |
.52*** (.05) |
0.53*** (0.05) |
| Female (ref = male) | 0.02 (0.60) |
0.47 (0.60) |
0.36 (0.60) |
| Education (years) | −0.05 (0.09) |
−0.05 (0.09) |
−0.02 (0.09) |
| Age (years) | 0.16** (0.06) |
0.18** (0.06) |
0.17** (0.06) |
| Black (ref = White) | −1.48* (0.66) |
−1.78** (0.66) |
−1.71* (0.66) |
| Income < $15,000 (ref = $15,001 – $30,000) | −2.37* (1.00) |
−2.13* (1.02) |
−1.80 (1.03) |
| Income >$30,000 (ref = $15,001 – $30,000) | −1.37 (0.99) |
−1.30 (1.00) |
−0.99† (1.01) |
Note. All models were analyzed separately.
***
p ≤ .001,
**
p ≤ .01,
*
p ≤ .05,
†
p ≤ .10.