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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2020 Sep 6;54:36–43. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2020.08.006

Figure 2. SM-DR and CAM-DR contribute to drug resistance.

Figure 2.

BMSCs are the major source of IL-6. IL-6 up-regulates the Mcl-1 and Bcl-XL through JAK/STAT3, PI3K/Akt and MEK/MAPK that are known to augment survival and drug resistance. CAM-DR induces a multidrug resistant phenotype as cell adhesion can protect tumors cells from chemotoxic agents in MM. CAM-DR can also cause to express of soluble factor in conferring tumor cell drug resistance.