Figure 3.

B. pertussis sequestration by aggregation inducing antibodies mediated direct bactericidal effects. B. pertussis was incubated for 48 h with anti-pertussis antibodies without A549 cells to test the direct bactericidal effect of anti-FIM and anti-FHA antibodies. Flow cytometry-based analysis of bacteria death shows that anti-pertussis antibodies against FIM and FHA exhibit direct bactericidal effect (A). Furthermore, analysis by imaging flow cytometry showed that majority of dead bacteria are within the aggregates (B). Unpaired Student’s t-test. Mean ± SEM. **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001, n ≥ 3 experiments.