Table 2.
Advantages and disadvantages of various fabrication techniques used for the development of nanoliposomes.
| Fabrication technique | Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|
| Thin film hydration—sonication method | Economic Easy to perform |
Use of organic solvents Exposure to mechanical stress |
| Ethanol injection | Simple procedure Good stability profile |
Low encapsulation efficiency Time consuming |
| Reverse phase evaporation | Simple design Decent percentage of encapsulation efficiency |
Large amount of organic solvent |
| SAS | Low organic solvent consumption | Use of sophisticate machinery, expensive |
| RESS | Absence of liquid organic solvents Mild processing temperatures |
Implementation of complex apparatus Requirement of high pressures |
| SuperLip | Control of particle size High encapsulation efficiency |
Use of high pressures Use of CO2 |
| DELOS-SUSP | Easy scale up production Uniform particle size |
Low entrapment efficiency Use of solvent and necessity to produce an expanded solution |
| PGSS | High encapsulation efficiency Larger particle sizes |
Use of expensive instrumentation Low stability |
| DESAM | Fast and simple for bulk nanoliposome formation Alternative to current gas dense technologies |
Use of organic solvent Multi step procedure |
| Heating method | Avoid the use of toxic solvents and detergents | Use of inert atmospheres (Ar or N2) |
| Mozafari method | Easy to perform Brief protocol for industrial scalability |
Use of inert atmospheres and polyols |