Table 1.
Demographic and Neuropsychological Data
| HC | NTSZ | CTSZ | RTSZ | P value | Post-hoc tests | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||||
| Age, y | 48.93 (5.99) | 47.29 (10.07) | 49.35 (5.21) | 46.12 (5.43) | .313 | NA | |
| Duration, y | NA | 18.94 (10.76) | 24.06 (7.21) | 20.29 (6.56) | .174 | NA | |
| PANSS scores | |||||||
| Positive symptom score | NA | 22.82 (6.66) | 9.59 (9.33) | 10.29 (3.27) | <.0001 | NTSZ VS CTSZ: ****; NTSZ VS RTSZ: *** | |
| Negative symptom score | NA | 25.59 (7.71) | 21.18 (4.67) | 14.12 (3.89) | <.0001 | NTSZ VS RTSZ: ****; RTSZ VS CTSZ: ** | |
| General psychopathology symptom score | NA | 43.53 (6.68) | 27.94 (4.85) | 24.76 (4.74) | <.0001 | NTSZ VS CTSZ: ****; NTSZ VS RTSZ: **** | |
| Total score | NA | 91.94 (11.21) | 58.71 (9.33) | 49.18 (10.50) | <.0001 | NTSZ vs RTSZ: ****; NTSZ vs CTSZ: ****; RTSZ vs CTSZ: * | |
| Clozapine dosage, mg/d | NA | NA | 223.53 (97.63) | NA | NA | NA | |
| Risperidone dosage, mg/d | NA | NA | NA | 5.09 (1.33) | NA | NA | |
| Chlorpromazine equivalents, mg/d | NA | NA | 335.29 (146.44) | 508.82 (133.10) | .001 | NA | |
| BACS composite score (z score) | 0.16 (0.96) | — | −2.20 (1.33) | −0.57 (1.06) | <.0001 | HC vs CTSZ: ****; RTSZ vs CTSZ: ** | |
| n | n | n | n | ||||
| Gender | Male | 23 | 12 | 15 | 15 | .45 | NA |
| Female | 4 | 5 | 2 | 2 |
Abbreviations: BACS, Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia; CTSZ, clozapine-treated schizophrenia patients; HC, healthy comparison participants; NTSZ, never-treated schizophrenia patients; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; RTSZ, risperidone-treated schizophrenia patients.
Values are represented as the mean (SD).
*Significant group difference at P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001; ****P < .0001.