Fig. 5.

Optimization of gold nanoparticle (AuNP) concentration, laser fluence and transfection buffer for eGFP-mRNA transfection in Jurkat cells. Transfection efficiencies represent the percentage of eGFP-positive cells, cell viability values were calculated relatively to the untreated control and yields are calculated as the product of transfection efficiency and cell viability. a, b Screening for AuNP concentrations, using a fixed laser fluence of 1.8 J cm⁻² (n = 3, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparison test, ns = nonsignificant; *p < .05, ***p < .001). c, d Screening for laser fluences (in J cm⁻²), using a fixed AuNP concentration of 4 × 10⁷ AuNPs mL⁻¹ (n = 3, one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparison test, ns = nonsignificant; *p < .05, **p < .01). e, f Comparison of Opti-MEM (OM) and DPBS + as transfection buffer, using a fixed AuNP concentration of 4 × 10⁷ AuNPs mL⁻¹ and laser fluence of 0.9 J cm⁻² (n = 3, unpaired Student’s T test, ns = nonsignificant)