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. 2020 Apr 13;12:90. doi: 10.1007/s40820-020-00428-y

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — In vitro cell cycle and apoptotic analyses for MC-38 cells treated with different configurations (1: control, 2: free PTX, 3: Eu-s/PTX, and 4: Eu-FBCP/PTX). a Cell cycle analysis results from the different treatments (1–4). Brdu and PI were used to calculate the cell fractions for each phase (G1, S, or G2/M) in the cell cycle. b, c Apoptotic profiles and the quantified data from the 24 h treatments (1–4) using Annexin V-FITC/PI kit (n = 3). d, e FACS profiles and the quantified data from JC-1 staining exhibiting changes in mitochondrial membrane potential for the 24 h-treated (1–4) cells (n = 3). f, g Representative expression of p53, Bcl-2, Bax, Cyt c, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3 in the treated cells (1–4). h Schematic of a plausible mechanism for the apoptosis in the treated cells (1–4) based on the expression (f, g). i Representative microscopic AO/PI-stained cell images from live/dead assay with the treatments (1–4)