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Schemes and representative SEM images of separated anodic TiO2 a nanotubes and b nanocylinders fabricated by using electrochemical anodization. The fabrication processes of the nanotubes and nanocylinders depend on the size of anodization cell (the area exposed to the electrolyte) and quick voltage changes (first cycle: 35 V and 240 min, second cycle: 5 V and 10 min, and third cycle: 35 V and 60 min).
Adapted from Ref. [10] with permission from the American Chemical Society
