Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2020 Apr 21;12:99. doi: 10.1007/s40820-020-00427-z

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 15 — a Schematic of the all-optical modulator system based on 2D Te nanoflakes. b Diffraction rings produced by the all-optical modulator system. c Output of the all-optical switcher based on 2D Te nanoflakes as a function of pump laser power including the theoretical fit. Adapted with permission from [184]. Copyright 2019, WILEY–VCH. d Schematic of the mode-locking erbium-doped fiber laser based on a 2D Te/PVP thin film. e Pulse trains from the fiber laser. Inset: 4 μs pulse trains. f Pulse duration of the modulated femtosecond laser. g Radio-frequency spectrum of the fiber laser. Inset: broadband radio-frequency spectrum. Adapted with permission from [185]. Copyright 2019, The Royal Society of Chemistry. h Calculated electric and optical field profiles in the modulator. i Simulated energy consumption of the modulator as a function of frequency for different thicknesses of 2D Te nanoflakes. Inset: schematic of the Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) modulator. j Calculated energy consumption of the Te racetrack modulator as a function of frequency for different thicknesses of tellurene. Inset: schematic of the racetrack modulator. Adapted with permission from [137]. Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society