Table 1.
Characteristics of participants.
|
P values |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HC (N = 25) | SCD (N = 58) | MCI (N = 25) | HC vs. SCD | HC vs. MCI | SCD vs. MCI | |
| Age (years)* | 71.1 (4.6) | 72.4 (5.0) | 75.6 (5.0) | n.s. | 0.005† | 0.022† |
| Sex (M/F) | 7/18 | 24/34 | 11/14 | n.s. | n.s. | n.s. |
| Education (years) | 15.6 (3.5) | 15.2 (3.3) | 15.2 (3.3)§ | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| Cognitive reserve questionnaire (/30) | 17.5 (4.1) | 16.6 (4.3) | 17.2 (3.7) | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| GDS (/30)* | 2.4 (3.1) | 5.7 (4.6) | 6.4 (5.3) | 0.010† | 0.008† | n.s. |
| MoCA (/30)* | 28.4 (1.4) | 27.9 (1.3) | 24.9 (2.3) | n.s. | < 0.001‡ | < 0.001‡ |
| Logical Memory | ||||||
| Immediate recall (/25)* | 14.9 (4.2) | 14.9 (4.2) | 11.7 (3.7) | n.s. | 0.013† | 0.017† |
| Delayed recall (/25)* | 15.1 (3.9) | 13.1 (4.5) | 10.9 (4.6) | n.s. | 0.003† | n.s. |
| Face-Name associative recognition (/9)* | 7.6 (0.9) | 6.8 (1.8)¶ | 6.0 (2.1) | n.s. | 0.004† | n.s. |
| fMRI task | ||||||
| Recognition (corrected old hit rate) | 0.80 (0.11) | 0.81 (0.14) | 0.74 (0.17) | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| Source (corrected source hit rate) | 0.53 (0.17) | 0.57 (0.20) | 0.45 (0.21) | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| Recognition discrimination index (d')* | 2.3 (0.52) | 2.28 (0.78) | 1.75 (0.84) | n.s. | 0.032† | 0.012† |
| Associative memory accuracy* | 0.60 (0.18) | 0.60 (0.19) | 0.48 (0.20) | n.s. | n.s. | 0.032† |
| Hippocampal volume* (average left and right volume) Proportional value (% ICV) |
0.29 (0.05)§ | 0.28 (0.06)# | 0.24 (0.05)§ | n.s. | 0.001† | 0.006† |
Note: Values are means (SD). Analysis of variance was performed, followed by post hoc pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni correction. A Chi-Square test of independence was performed for sex.
Abbreviations: HC = healthy controls, SCD = subjective cognitive decline, MCI = mild cognitive impairment, GDS = Geriatric Depression Scale, MoCA = Montreal Cognitive Assessment, fMRI = functional magnetic resonance imaging, ICV = intracranial volume, n.a. = No post hoc performed when the main group effect was non significant. n.s. = Non significant side by side comparison.
*Significant main group effect.
†post hoc comparison p < 0.05.
‡post hoc comparison p < 0.001.
§Data missing for one participant.
¶Data missing for three participants.
#Data missing for five participants.
Associative memory score = Corrected source hit rate / (corrected old hit rate + corrected false alarme rate).