Table 1.

Pathophysiology domain and the most highly rated answers among orthodontists in the questionnaire of Porto et al. (12)

Statement	Score (%)
Occlusal equilibration is a useful early treatment for TMD.	50.4 disagree
Orthodontic treatment can prevent the onset of TMD.	59.8 disagree
Arthroscopic surgery is almost completely effective in repositioning the disc in patients with internal derangements.	58.1 disagree
Orthodontic therapy is the best treatment to resolve TMD in a patient with a skeletal malocclusion.	67.5 disagree
TMD caused by trauma is much more difficult to treat and has a far worse prognosis than other types of TMD.	33.1 agree
Panoramic film is a reasonable method to evaluate the bony structures of the TMJ.	66.7 disagree
When bony changes are seen on a panoramic film, a tomogram is mandatory to define the treatment plan.	45.7 agree
The presence of arthritic changes on tomograms, along with crepitus in the joint, indicates the need for treatment.	48.5 disagree
The position of the condyle in the fossa as seen on the tomogram is a very accurate indicator of internal derangement.	53.8 disagree
Mandibular repositioning splints are more effective than maxillary repositioning splints.	47.5 disagree
Splint therapy is only effective when the splint is used for more than 16 hours/day.	40.8 disagree
Nocturnal bruxism is caused by occlusal interference.	71.2 disagree
Ice packs and/or heat packs and passive muscle stretching are good early treatments for TMD.	74.7 agree
All individuals with clicking TMJs require treatment.	96.2 disagree
Balancing interference is commonly related to TMD.	34.5 agree

TMD: Temporomandibular disorder; TMJ: Temporomandibular joint