TABLE 4.
Human adenovirus serotypes and acute gastroenteritis illness severitya
| Parameter | HAdV F40/41 (n = 279) |
HAdV non-F40/41 (n = 188) |
% difference (95% CI) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of cases in analysis | Value | No. of cases in analysis | Value | |||
| Median age (mo) (IQR) | 279 | 17.1 (10.8, 30.7) | 188 | 15.3 (10.5, 25.4) | 1.5 (0.4, 3.5) | 0.11 |
| No. of males (%) | 279 | 170 (60.9) | 188 | 109 (58.0) | 3.0 (−6.3, 12.3) | 0.56 |
| No. of children with vomiting (%) | 273 | 249 (91.2) | 182 | 152 (83.5) | 7.7 (1.2, 14.7) | 0.02 |
| Median no. of vomiting episodes (IQR)b | 257 | 4 (3, 7) | 174 | 4 (2, 7) | 0 (−1, 1) | 0.97 |
| Median vomiting duration (h) (IQR) | 257 | 105.1 (54.3, 158.9) | 174 | 60.4 (11.8, 111.5) | 38.3 (24.6, 52.3) | <0.001 |
| No. of cases with diarrhea (%) | 274 | 262 (95.6) | 184 | 155 (84.2) | 11.4 (5.5, 18.0) | <0.001 |
| Median no. of diarrhea episodes (IQR)b | 257 | 6 (4, 9) | 173 | 4 (2, 6) | 2 (1, 3) | <0.001 |
| Median diarrhea duration (h) (IQR) | 257 | 151.1 (94.4, 198.0) | 174 | 115.4 (48.0, 192.0) | 31.7 (12.0, 50.4) | 0.001 |
| No. of cases with isolated vomiting (%) | 273 | 12 (4.4) | 182 | 29 (15.9) | −11.5 (−18.2, −5.7) | <0.001 |
| No. of cases with isolated diarrhea (%) | 274 | 24 (8.8) | 184 | 30 (16.3) | −7.6 (−14.5, −1.1) | 0.02 |
| No. of cases with both vomiting and diarrhea (%) | 269 | 233 (86.6) | 178 | 119 (66.9) | 19.8 (11.5, 28.1) | <0.001 |
| No. of cases with fever (%)c | 267 | 88 (33.0) | 180 | 131 (72.8) | −39.8 (−48.2, −30.4) | <0.001 |
| No. of cases with respiratory symptoms (%) | 235 | 121 (51.5) | 155 | 98 (63.2) | −11.7 (−21.7, −1.3) | 0.03 |
| No. of cases with ED visit after enrollment (%) | 257 | 31 (12.1) | 174 | 21 (12.1) | 0.01 (−6.4, 7.0) | >0.99 |
| No. of cases receiving intravenous fluid (%) | 260 | 44 (16.9) | 177 | 31 (17.5) | −0.6 (−8.4, 6.8) | 0.90 |
| No. of hospitalizations (%) | 258 | 14 (5.4) | 175 | 12 (6.9) | −1.4 (−7.0, 3.4) | 0.68 |
| Median MVS score (IQR) | 257 | 13.0 (11.0, 15.0) | 173 | 12.0 (10.0, 15.0) | 0 (0, 1.0) | 0.17 |
a
ED, emergency department; MVS, modified Vesikari scale; HAdV, human adenovirus.
b
Maximal number of episodes in a given 24 h.
c
Fever was defined as a rectal temperature of ≥38.0°C. Temperatures were adjusted for the location of measurement: 1.1°C was added to axillary temperatures, and 0.6°C was added to oral temperatures.