TABLE 2.
CPR intervals, chest compression parameters, and defibrillation parameters
| All (N = 49) | sCPR‐only (N =19) | sCPR + mCPR (N= 30) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time in manual CPR | 6.0 [3.4‐9.4] | 3.3 [2.2‐5.1] | 6.9 [5.3‐11.0] | < 0.001 |
| Time in mechanical CPR | NA | NA | 13.2 [7.6‐26.5] | NA |
| Total time in CPR min | 14.5 [4.6‐28.5] | 3.3 [2.2‐5.1] | 25.2 [15.0‐34.2] | < 0.001 |
| CPR times for patients achieving ROSC (minutes, Median [Q1‐Q3]) | ||||
| Time in manual CPR | 5.1 [2.9‐8.8] | 3.3 [2.2‐5.1] | 6.8 [4.8‐11.9] | 0.006 |
| Time in mechanical CPR | NA | NA | 11.2 [5.7‐23.8] | NA |
| Total time of CPR | 11.6 [3.8‐23.9] | 3.3 [2.2‐5.1] | 22.3 [12.5‐28.8] | < 0.001 |
| CPR times for surviving patients (minutes, Median [Q1‐Q3]) | ||||
| Time in manual CPR | 5.0 [2.6‐7.4] | 3.4 [2.1‐5.1] | 6.4 [5.1‐10.4] | 0.01 |
| Time in mechanical CPR | NA | NA | 8.4 [4.2‐24.9] | NA |
| Total time in CPR | 9.1 [3.3‐14.8] | 3.4 [2.1‐5.1] | 14.8 [12.5‐29.2] | < 0.001 |
| When did ROSC occur? (N [%]) | ||||
| After only EMS CPR and defibrillation shocks | 15 (31%) | 14 (74%) | 1 (3%) | <0.001 |
| After ALS | 25 (51%) | 5 (26%) | 20 (67%) | 0.009 |
| Never | 9 (18%) | 0 (0%) | 9 (30%) | 0.008 |
| Chest compression parameters (Median [Q1‐Q3]) | ||||
| Interruption in chest compression for device deployment 7 (5‐13) | NA | 7 [5‐13] | NA | |
| Longest chest compression interruption during the resuscitation attempt (s) | 12 [9‐16] | 10 [7‐12] | 14 [10‐19] | 0.007 |
| Compression fraction (%) | 95 [93‐96] | 94 [92‐98] | 95 [93‐96] | 0.86 |
| Compression rate cc/min | 106 [102‐119] | 121 [110‐128] | 102 [102‐109] | < 0.001 |
| Defibrillation parameters (Median [Q1‐Q3]) | ||||
| Number of shocks (N) | 3 [1‐4] | 1 [1‐2] | 4 [3‐5] | < 0.001 |
| Time from start of manual chest compressions to first shock (mm:ss) | 01:18 [00:34‐02:11] | 00:47 [00:18‐01:54] | 01:25 [00:54‐02:12] | 0.074 |
| Pre shock compression interruption (s) | 4 [3‐6] | 4 [3‐8] | 3 [3‐6] | 0.74 |
| Post shock compression interruption (s) | 0 [0‐1] | 0 [0‐1] | 0 [0‐0] | 0.43 |
CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; EMS, emergency medical services; ALS, advanced life support; ROSC, return of spontaneous circulation; NA, not applicable; sCPR, standard manual CPR; VF/VT, ventricular fibrillation/ventricular tachycardia.
Chest compression parameters, CPR intervals, and defibrillation parameters for patients presenting with VF/VT treated during 2016 by the Anchorage Fire Department (All) and for subgroups of patients receiving only manual chest compressions (sCPR‐only) and patients receiving manual chest compressions followed by mechanical compressions (sCPR + mCPR).