Table 3. Summary of intervention outcomes for injury types: Drowning.

Intervention Type (Component of the 5 E Framework)	Intervention Description	Summary of Outcomes
		Injury-Related Outcomes	Other Outcomes
Drowning
Skills-based education (Education)	Swimming lessons	Reduction in relative risk of drowning death [61]
	Lifeline throwing skills		Increase in skill level [64]
Environmental Change (Engineering)	Elimination of water reservoirs	Reduced incidence of fatal drowning [58]
	Addition of barriers to unsafe water areas	Decreased incidence rate of non-fatal drowning [67]
Community Awareness (Encouragement)	Messages on local TV and radio stations	Decreased risk of drowning [58]
	Radio messages and newsletters	No significant decrease in non-fatal drowning [59]	Increase in knowledge [59]
	Media collaboration with health department	Decrease in incidence of non-fatal drowning [67]
Supervision (Encouragement)	Observed supervision		Higher percentage of children supervised [57]
	Increased life guard and rescue stations	Decrease in risk and probability of drowning [58]
Provision of Safety Devices (Engineering)	Provision of door barrier and playpen		Tools accepted by parents in community [57]
Education (Education)	Training of community health workers	Decrease in risk of drowning [58]
	Education materials	No change in non-fatal drowning incidence [59]	Increase in knowledge; [59] increase in knowledge; [60] increase in perception of drowning risk [66]
	Workshops		Increase in water safety knowledge; [63] increase in water safety knowledge [64]
	Video testimonials		Improved knowledge and simulated water behaviors [62]
	Lectures	Reduction in mortality rates; [65] decrease in incidence of non-fatal drowning [67]	Change in parental knowledge [65]

The outcomes reported may be a summary of more than one intervention type.