Figure 4.

Visual Flow Responses Inversely Relate to Mismatch Responses in L2/3 Neurons

(A) Example V_m trace (black) recorded from a dMM neuron during the open-loop phase. Brief 1 s visual flow stimuli (shaded green) evoked hyperpolarization. Dotted lines indicate 0 cm/s.

(B) Average V_m response to visual flow stimuli for the example neuron in (A). Gray shading indicates SEM over 42 trials. The value in gray bold italics indicates the mean pre-stimulus voltage.

(C) Top: heatmap of the average V_m response to visual flow stimuli across all L2/3 neurons, sorted as in Figure 2A. Gray shading marks neurons for which we did not have sufficient data. Bottom: average response across 14 dMM neurons (orange), 5 hMM neurons (turquoise), and the remaining 8 neurons (gray). Shading indicates SEM over neurons. The asterisk indicates the example shown in (A).

(D) Average V_m responses to 1 s visual flow stimuli, compared for 5 hMM, 14 dMM, and 8 unclassified neurons. Dark data points indicate significant responses, p < 0.05, paired t tests. One-way ANOVA: p < 0.01, F-statistic = 6.5; dMM versus hMM: p < 0.003, dMM versus unclassified: p < 0.01, hMM versus unclassified: p = 0.68, t test.

(E) Scatterplot between average visual response and average mismatch response (gray triangles) for 27 L2/3 neurons. For red data points, the average response to visual flow offset was subtracted from the mismatch response. Dashed gray and red lines show linear fits to the respective data.

(F) Top: average response to visual flow stimuli of the lowest two (gray, 7 trials) and the highest two (black, 11 trials) visual flow speeds for an example neuron. Shading indicates SEM over trials. Values in gray bold italics indicate the mean pre-stimulus voltage. Bottom: scatterplot between visual flow speed and visual flow response across trials for the example neuron.

(G) Scatterplot between correlation coefficients (between visual flow speed and visual flow response) and mismatch response. Boxplots above compare values for 6 dMM (orange), 4 hMM (turquoise), and 5 unclassified neurons (gray). One-way ANOVA: p < 0.002, F-statistic = 12.5; dMM versus hMM: p < 0.001, dMM versus unclassified: p = 0.18, hMM versus unclassified: p < 0.02, t test.