Table 2.
Crude and adjusted ORs (aORs) for the association between ILD and variables in patients with CTD
| OR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | |
| Comorbidity | ||
| CCI without pulmonary disease | 2.04 (1.52 to 2.74) | 1.56 (1.13 to 2.16)** |
| COPD | 4.21 (3.19 to 5.55) | 3.60 (2.68 to 4.82)** |
| Urbanisation | ||
| Level 1 | Reference | |
| Level 2 | 0.86 (0.67 to 1.09) | |
| Level 3 | 0.83 (0.61 to 1.13) | |
| Level 4 | 0.85 (0.65 to 1.10) | |
| Payroll-related insured amount, New Taiwan Dollars | ||
| ≤15 840 | Reference | |
| 15 841–20 100 | 0.94 (0.70 to 1.25) | |
| 20 100–27 600 | 0.92 (0.71 to 1.21) | |
| ≥27 600 | 0.96 (0.71 to 1.30) | |
| Medication | ||
| Methotrexate | 1.75 (1.35 to 2.25) | 1.41 (1.06 to 1.89)* |
| Sulfalazine | 1.22 (0.93 to 1.61) | 0.84 (0.62 to 1.14) |
| Leflunomide | 1.85 (1.26 to 2.72) | 1.47 (0.96 to 2.25) |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 1.47 (1.19 to 1.80) | 1.18 (0.93 to 1.48) |
| Immunosuppressants | 2.05 (1.55 to 2.70) | 1.35 (0.99 to 1.85) |
| Steroid†, mg/day | 1.12 (1.09 to 1.14) | 1.09 (1.06 to 1.11)** |
| Anti-TNF | 1.99 (1.33 to 2.99) | 1.25 (0.79 to 1.97) |
| Tocilizumab | 8.00 (0.73 to 88.23) | 7.81 (0.56 to 109.85) |
| Rituximab | 2.50 (1.14 to 5.51) | 1.55 (0.64 to 3.74) |
| Air pollutants | ||
| PM2.5 (per 10 µg/m3) | 0.67 (0.58 to 0.78) | 0.72 (0.47 to 1.09) |
| PM10 (per 10 µg/m3) | 0.80 (0.74 to 0.88) | 1.06 (0.83 to 1.37) |
| SO2 (per 10 ppb) | 0.19 (0.08 to 0.49) | 0.40 (0.12 to 1.30) |
| NO2 (per 10 ppb) | 1.03 (0.87 to 1.23) | |
| CO (per 1 ppm) | 1.19 (0.78 to 1.80) | |
| O3 (per 10 ppb) | 0.50 (0.35 to 0.71) | 0.51 (0.33 to 0.79)** |
*P<0.05, **p<0.001.
†Prednisolone equivalent.
CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; CO, carbon monoxide; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CTD, connective tissue disease; ILD, interstitial lung disease; NO2, nitrogen dioxide; O3, ozone; PM10, particulate matter <10 μm; PM2.5, particulate matter <2.5 μm; SO2, sulphur dioxide; TNF, tumour necrosis factor.