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Mean (SEM) concentrations (pg/ml) of 27 pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in Chinese patients with MS and in healthy controls determined using Bio-Plex immunoassays. The concentrations of TNF-α and IL-17 increased significantly in Chinese patients with MS, while those of IL-1ra, IL-8, IL-9, MCP-1, MIP-1a, MIP-1b, RANTES, Eotaxin, bFGF, G-CSF, and PDGF-bb decreased significantly. *p < 0.05.
